Content area
Abstract
This dissertation explores the poetological dimension of animal metaphors in German literature in the wake of classical 18th-century aesthetics. It claims that dog figures in the literature around 1800 and 1900 are poetic devices used to counter the aesthetic ideology of autonomy via their creatureliness. While aesthetic theory from Winckelmann to Hegel excluded human animality from the arts in the name of spiritual autonomy, literature reintroduces creatureliness into its poetological reflections by means of dog metaphors and metonymies. The dissertation traces and analyzes this poetic articulation of a creaturely aesthetics in the works of Johann Wolfgang Goethe, Jean Paul, Franz Kafka, and Thomas Mann. Between the late 18th century and the early 20th century, philosophy and the sciences radically change the way humans perceive their place in the world vis-à-vis other animals, leveling out the traditional rigorous dualism within Western religious and philosophical ontology. The literary works that are studied here correlate with this philosophical development in that they figuratively verbalize a post-metaphysical ontology in which the liminality of dogs between nature and culture mirrors the position of humans who rediscover their animality. This rupture in the ontological tectonics of Western thought has consequences for an aesthetics premised upon the transcendental subjectivity of the creative mind and the autonomy of its works. In Goethe's writing, it is "demonic" creatureliness that counters the idealistic humanism to which he otherwise adheres. Jean Paul, on the other hand, employs dog tropes in his novels to satirize idealist thought; this humorous play on idealist doctrines prepares the ground for modernist authors like Kafka and Thomas Mann to pursue a more serious poetic rendering of creaturely ontology and aesthetics. Their use of dog figures links arts and creatures no longer as opposites but as elements essentially intertwined in "creaturely expression."





