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Abstract
This thesis examines how attachment styles, loneliness, and self-esteem may explain college students’ engagement in friends with benefits relationships (FWBRs) and how this cognitive-behavioral process may differ for females and males. A cross-sectional survey of 405 undergraduate students was conducted to test a novel theoretical model wherein loneliness and self-esteem mediate the relationships attachment anxiety and avoidance share with having ever engaged in a FWBR. Results indicated sex differences in how insecure attachment, loneliness, and self-esteem levels relate to engagement in FWBRs. Although reports from both females and males exhibited no direct associations between anxious attachment, avoidant attachment, or loneliness and engagement in FWBRs, the mediating functions of loneliness and self-esteem varied by sex. For women, loneliness and self-esteem mediated the relationships between attachment anxiety and FWBR engagement, and self-esteem mediated the relationship between attachment avoidance and FWBR engagement. However, counter to predictions, women who reported higher levels of self-esteem were more, not less, likely to have engaged in a FWBR. Males, in contrast, evidenced no clear connections between insecure attachment, loneliness, self-esteem, and engagement in FWBRs. Results highlight the value of examining how attachment styles may play different roles in predicting men’s and women’s engagement in casual sexual relationships such as FWBRs. Further research is needed to better understand how variation in attachment styles, personality traits, and sex roles relate to initiating and maintaining FWBRs.