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Abstract
Increasing network (WSN) lifetime is a challenge in routing protocol design for ad hoc network, especially in such a network each node (sensor) is powered by batteries, characterized ability calculation and limited storage. Hierarchical routing protocols are best known in regard to energy efficiency. By using a clustering technique hierarchical routing protocols greatly minimize energy consumed in collecting and disseminating data. In this paper we discuss the problem of routing in networks with unidirectional links. We proposed Hybrid routing protocol (HRP) to decrease probability of failure nodes and to prolong the time interval before the death of the first node (stability period) and increasing the lifetime in heterogeneous WSNs, which is crucial for many applications.
HRP (Hybrid routing protocol) is a hierarchical protocol based on GPS (Global positioning system). It is similar to Zone-based Hierarchical Link State.
Keywords: Network Clustering, routing protocol, HRP, Ad hoc Network, ZHLS, sensor network
1. Introduction
Routing techniques are the most important issue for networks where resources are limited. WSNs technology's growth in the computation capacity requires these sensor nodes to be increasingly equipped to handle more complex functions.
Computer networks, including networks of wireless sensors, have known a large growth. The latter consists of a set of stand-alone devices, capable to self-organize and communicate with each other the collected information about their environments.
The Mobile environments offer a flexibility of employment. In particular, they allow the networking sites that wiring would be too expensive to implement in full, if not impossible. Several systems are already using the cellular model of wireless networks and experiencing very strong growth at present. It requires a large logistics infrastructure and material sets. The consideration of the cellular networks is mobile ad hoc networks. An ad hoc network is a collection of mobile entities connected by a wireless technology forming a temporary network without the aid of any administration or any fixed support. The ad hoc network applications are numerous. Our work is a part of the study of the problem of routing in mobile ad hoc networks and proposes a protocol that improves network performance and increases its lifespan.
Our simulation result shows an improvement in effective network life time and increased robustness of performance in the presence of energy heterogeneity.