CARACTERISTICILE PREGATIRII ÎN PERIOADA DE TRANZITIE PENTRU JUCATORII DE VOLEI DE PERFORMANTA

Abstract

I talk about this theme because in the specific litterature and the methods of the volleyball preparing, the transition period is less approached and consequently this period is easily passed by. According to the way the competition is held ( a term in autumn and another one in spring), the annual preparing in volley ball has two macrocycles, thess two periods of preparing, two competitional periods and two transitional ones. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]

Cristina HANTÄU

Academia de Çtiinte Economice Bucuresti

Cuvinte cheie: tranzijie, perioadä, antrenament,volei

Rezumat

Abordez aceastä terna, deoarece ín literatura de specialitate si ìn metodica pregätirii echipelor de volei, perioadä de tranzijie este mai pujin abordatä si, în consecinjä, se trece cu foarte mare usurinjä peste aceastä perioadä.

In concordanza cu modalitatea de desfasurare a competijiei (tur - toamna si retur - primävara), pregätirea anualä pentru voleiul de performanci cuprinde douä macrocicluri, deci, doua perioade pregätitoare, douä perioade competijionale si doua perioade de tranzijie.

Introducere

Perioadä de tranzijie constituie o necesítate fiziologicä, psihologicä si metodica în procesul de antrenament, aceastä perioadä asigurând odihna si refacerea organismului sportivului în urma eforturilor din perioadele pregätitoare si competijionale. Totusi, în aceastä perioadä, se creeazä premisele unei mai bune pregatili ìn macrociclul urmätor. Ca urmare, in aceastä perioadä, volumul si intensitatea efortului vor scädea, menjinându-se totusi starea de antrenament, dar la un nivel mai scäzut.

Durata perioadei de tranzijie este de 3 - 6 saptamâni, în funche de calendarul competijional si nivelul solicitärilor din perioadä competijionalä.

Concimimi perioadei de tranzijie cunoaste diferite modalitäji de abordare:

1. Presupune o cordale ìntre odihna activa si cea pasiva si conduce la o scadere a posibilitäjilor funcfionale, asigurându-se restabilirea totalä din punct de vedere tizie si psihic; aceastä forma este recomandata sportivilor care fac parte din loturile nazionale si care pe langä solicitärile de la echipele de club trebuie sä faca fajä si solicitärilor de la echipele nazionale;

2. Presupune un prim microciclu de odihnä pasivä sau activa urmat de microcicluri de antrenament pe prineipiile mezociclurilor introduetive din prima etapä a perioadei pregätitoare; Aceastä forma este recomandatä sportivilor care din diferite motive ( accidentali) nu au parcurs tot traseul solicitärilor din perioadä competijionalä;

3. Presupune utilzarea larga a mijloacelor odihnei active cordate cu eforturi nespecifice pentru menjinerea la un nivel aproximativ ridicat a stärii de antrenament; aceastä forma este recomandatä celorlalji sportivi care au parcurs tot traseul solicitärilor din perioadä pregätitoare si cea competijionalä.

Prima perioadä de tranzijie - noiembrie-decembrie - are o perioadä mai scurtä, de numai 3 säptämani. Caracteristicile acestei perioade sunt:

* Numärul antrenamentelor scade de la 10 la 3 pe säptämanä;

* Microciclurile acestei perioade au carácter de refaceré- recuperare;

* Se urmäreste scoaterea din forma a sportivului;

* Se alterneazä odihna activa cu cea pasiva;

* Se schimbä caracterul activitäjii prin utilizarea unor mijloace la preferinta sportivului. (vezitabelul 1)

Cea de-a doua perioadä de tranzijie - mai-iunie - este mai lunga ( 6 säptämani) fiind strueturatä astfel:

* Primele 2 säptämani au carácter de refaceré în care se combina odihna activa cu cea pasiva; sportivii care au dus greul în perioada competijionalä beneficiazä de pauzä totalä în acest interval; se organizeazä 3 antrenamente saptamânal în care accentui este pus pe sporturi complementare;

* Säptämana a 3 -a are carácter de refaceré pregätire numärul antrenamentelor crescând la 6; în aceastä säptämana se lucreazä în 4 antrenamente câte o orä pentru cresterea masei musculare si o orä sporturi complementare iar în celelalte douä antrenamente lucrându-se câte o orä jumätate sporturi complementare;

* Ultimile 3 säptämani ale acestei perioade au carácter de pregätire angrenare numärul antrenamentelor crescând la 10 saptamânal, structurate astfel: 4 antrenamente combinate ( cresterea masei musculare cu sporturi complementare ) si 6 antrenamente de dezvoltare a rezistenjei generale.(vezi tabelul 2)

Característica acestei perioade este individualizarea antrenamentelor ìntregul efort fiind adaptât capacitäjilor individuale iar obiectivele principale nu sunt de crestere a capacitagli de efort, ci de pregätire a organismului pentru perioada pregätitoare urmätoare.

Bibliografìe:

1. Bompa, T.O., - Performanja în jocurile sportive, ed. Ex Ponto, Constanza, 2003

2. Bompa, T.O., - Periodizarea - Teoria si metodologia antrenamentului sportiv, ed. Ex Ponto, Constanta, 2001

3. Colibaba, D.E., - Jocuri sportive - Teorie si metodica, ed. Aladin, Bue., Bota, I., 1998

4. Nicu, ?., - Teoria si metodica antrenamentului sportiv, ed. Fundajiei "României de Maine", Bue, 1999.

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PREPARING DURING THE TRANSITION PERIOD FOR THE VOLLEY PERFORMERS

Cristina HANTAU

A.S.E. Bucuresti

Keywords: transitions, period, training, volleyball.

Abstract

I talk about this theme because in the specific litterature and the methods of the volleyball preparing, the transition period is less approached and consequently this period is easily passed by.

According to the way the competition is held ( a term in autumn and another one in spring), the annual preparing in volley

ball has two macrocycles, thess two periods of preparing, two competitional periods and two transitional ones.

Introduction

he transition period represents a physiological, psichological and methodic necesity in the training process, this period assuring rest and recovery the organism of the performer after the efforts from the preparing and competitional periods. However, in this period, the premises for a better preparing for the next macrocycle are created. As a consequence, in this period, the volume and intensity of the effort will decrease, keeping the state of training, but at a lower level.

The duration of the transitional period is 3-6 weeks, according to the competitional calendar and the level of effort in the competitional period.

The content of the transitional period is differently approached:

1 . It means a relation between active and passive rest and leads to a decrease of the functional possibilities, assuring the total establishment, both psyihic and physic; this form is recommended to performers who are part of national teams and who have to deal with efforts from both their club teams, as well as from the national ones.

2. It has a first microcycle of passive rest or active one, followed by training microcycles based on the principles of the introductional mezocycles from the first term of the preparing period; This form is recommended to the performers who did not go through the whole process of efforts from the competitional period because of different motives ( accidents).

3. It means a large use of the active rest related to unspecific efforts in order to maintain at an aproximativelly high level of the training state; this form is recommended to the other performers who went to the whole process of efforts from the competitional and preparing period.

The first period of transition - November-December - has a shorter period, only three weeks. The characteristics of this period are:

- The number of trainings decrease from 10 to 3 at week;

- The microcycles of this period are characterized by rebuilding - recovery;

- The state of out-of-shape of the performer is desired;

- Active rest is combined with passive rest;

- The characteristic of the activity is changed by using some means of the disposal of the performer (see table no. 1).

The second transitional period - may - june - is larger (6 weeks), being structured as followed:

- The first 2 weeks are for recovery, when active rest is combined with the passive one, the athlets who worked hard during the competitional period benefit from total rest during this interval; 3 trainings are held every week when complementary sports are very important;

- The third week is for recovery preparation, the number of training session increase to 6; this week for one hour trainings are held in order to grow the muscular parts and one hour complementary sports; the other two training session complementary sports are held for one hour and a half;

- The last three weeks of this period have preparation character; the number of trainings increase at 10 per week, structured as followed: 4 combined training session ( the increase of muscular masse with complementary sports) and 6 trainings sessions for the increase of the general resistence (see table no. 2).