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Abstract
In spite of the frequent critical statement that modern fiction is filled with alienation and estrangement, protagonists of many American novels strive toward a confirmation of both individual honor and social tenacity. Their efforts are frequently undermined by their own vague and unclear objective, defective interpretation, or skeptical escape; but lofty aspiration, strong faith, and vigorous efforts nonetheless demonstrate their heroic standing. Achievement is restrained by susceptibility to modern skepticism, detachment, isolation, and hostility; but heroism does not exist as much in the outcome of their attempts as in the course of struggle against defeat to attest the value of social responsibility, noble ambition, and spiritual maxims.
The isolation and detachment of Salinger's literary characters are generally instigated by an antagonistic or a sickening society; seldom do his characters experience disintegration due to particular flaws which they take no notice of. The descent comes to them naturally. They are often victims, but never instruments of their personal misfortunes. This essay attempts to provide valid explanations to the term "alienation" and pursue the traces of alienation in J. D. Salinger's novel The Catcher in the Rye. Holden Caulfield, characteristic of an alienated person, opposes everything found in the world of adults and candidly criticizes American culture.
Key Words: Alienation, isolation, modern man, estrangement, society, alienated man.
Holden Caulfield: The Catcher in the Rye Adli Romanindaki Yabanci
Özet
Çagdas romanin yabancilasma ve uzaklasma ile dolu oldugu yönündeki yaygin elestirel beyana ragmen, bir çok Amerikan romanindaki kahramanlar hem bireysel onur ve hem de sosyal dayanismanin onaylanmasi dogrultusunda çalismaktadirlar. Çabalari çogu kez kendi muglak ve belirsiz amaçlari, hatali yorumlamalari, veya kuskucu kaçmalariyla baltalanmakta ancak yüksek arzu, güçlü inanç ve etkin çabalari yine de onlarin kahramanca duruslarini göstermektedir. Basari çasdas süphecilik, ayrilma, yalniz birakma, ve düsmanliga duyarlilikla sinirlandirilmistir; fakat kahramanlik sosyal sorumluluk, asil gaye ve manevi kurallarin kanitlanmasi adina verilen mücadele sürecinde bulundugu kadar kendi çabalarinin sonuçlarinda mevcut degildir.
Salinger'in edebi karakterinin yalniz birakilmalari ve ayri tutulmalari genel itibariyle düsmanca davranan veya biktirici olan bir toplum tarafindan tesvik edilir; karakterleri farkina varmadiklari belirli bir kusur nedeniyle nadiren ayrisma hissederler. Alçalma onlara dogal görünmektedir. Onlar çogu kez kurbandirlar, fakat hiçbir zaman kendilerinin kisisel talihsizlikerine alet olmamislardir. Bu makale, "yabancilasma" kavraminin geçerli bir tanimini yapmakta ve J.D. Salinger'in The Catcher...