Primary Breast Lymphoma: Clinical and Morphological Characteristics

Abstract

Primary Breast Lymphoma: Clinical and Morphological Characteristics

Introduction. Primary breast lymphoma constitutes only 0.004 - 0.5% of malignant breast tumours. The correct diagnostics of this rare neoplasm necessitates routine application of evidence-based diagnostic methods including immunohistochemistry (IHC).

The aim of the study was to detect the frequency of primary breast lymphoma among consecutive well-characterised breast tumours in Latvian patients and to provide the essential clinical, radiological and morphological characteristics.

Materials and Methods included review of the morphological data and routine IHC as well as clinical, laboratory and radiological findings in 474 consecutive patients diagnosed with malignant breast tumours.

Results: The frequency of primary breast lymphoma was 0.63% [95% confidence interval = 0.22 - 1.84%]. All cases were represented by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Rapid progression, unilateral localisation and no evidence of extra-mammary spread was characteristic. Occurrence in a male patient was also observed.

Conclusions: Breast lymphoma occurs in the local population with the incidence 0.63% of malignant breast tumours. The lesion retains significance for practising surgeon due to diagnostic pathway and occasional application of surgical treatment. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most frequent type of breast lymphoma. Immunohistochemical investigation is mandatory to identify breast lymphoma and perform reliable differential diagnosis with other high-grade malignant tumours. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]