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Abstract: This paper examines Cheryl Tatano Beck's middle range theory of postpartum depression: Teetering on the Edge. Concepts and definitions of the theory are outlined, as well as assumptions and propositions. The postpartum depression theory is further examined and evaluated in its relation to the field of nursing, its applicability to practice, and author's scope of practice.
Keywords: postpartum depression, Beck, pregnancy, Middle Range Theory
For over 20 years, Cheryl Tatano Beck has focused her research on postpartum mood disorder and anxiety. In 1993, Beck published her middle range theory on postpartum depression, titled Teetering on the Edge. As Beck completed a literature review on postpartum depression (PPD), she came to realize that there was limited qualitative research available. Beck's primary goal was to produce a study/research in which humanity (through what one experienced) was represented in its' relation to PPD.
Components of the Theory
Theory is the foundation of nursing and is essential to the profession. As a profession, nursing applies conceptual frameworks to guide practice through describing and predicting specific behavior. It is through the use of guided phenomena that one is able to expand concepts via research; ultimately, advancing knowledge in regards to concept, experience, and application to practice.
The use of Beck's theory on PPD is a relevant tool for any provider, whether midwife, childbirth educator, or nurse, to enhance the care provided to pregnant and postpartum clientele. Providers that interact with this particular clientele for a limited time need to be diligent to recognize signs and symptoms of PPD. Not only do providers need to be able to recognize PPD but also adequately educate our clientele regarding PPD and the range of emotions that may be experienced along with methods of seeking help.
One out of five women will experience postpartum depression (Albert, 2002). Beck explored the concept of PPD beyond the analysis of symptoms and definition of major depressive mood disorders essentially because the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM IV) does not include PPD as a diagnosis (Beck & Driscoll, 2006). A qualitative study was designed to investigate specific social psychological problems of PPD and the social psychological process used to resolve PPD. With the help of 12 women in a support group, which met...