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ABSTRACT:
Pyridine is a planer Six-member heterocyclic ring with 5C and 1N atom and in ring N is present in 1st and positions. The Pyridine ring is a constituent of several important natural products, including niconine, nicotine, and nucleic acid. Being a polar and ionisable aromatic compound, it improves pharmacokinetic characteristics of lead molecules and thus used as a remedy to optimize solubility and bioavailability parameters of proposed poorly soluble lead molecules. Pyridine derivatives have occupied a unique place in the field of medicinal chemistry. The incorporation of the pyridine nucleus is an important synthetic strategy in drug discovery. The high therapeutic properties of the Pyridine related drugs have encouraged the medicinal chemists to synthesize a larger number of novel chemotherapeutic agents. Pyridine drugs have broadened scope in remedying various dispositions in Clinical medicines. Numerous methods for the synthesis of Pyridine and also their various structure reactions offer enormous scope in the field of medicinal chemistry. This articles aims to review the work reported, their chemistry and biological activities of Pyridine during past years.
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INTRODUCTION:
Medicinal chemistry is the discipline concerned with determing the influence of chemical structure on biological activity and in the practice of medicinal chemistry developed from an empirical one involving organic synthesis of new compound based largely on the modification of structure and then identifies their biological activity. Medicinal chemistry concerns with the discovery, development, interpretation and the identification of mechanism of action of biologically active compounds at the molecular level. Various biologically active synthetic compounds have Six-membered nitrogen containing heterocyclic ring in their structures. Structural frameworks have been described as privileged structures and in particular, N containing polycyclic structures has been reported to be associated with a wide range of biological activity. In the field of six membered heterocyclic structures Pyridine nucleus shows various properties. The high therapeutic properties of the Pyridine related drugs have encouraged the medicinal chemists to synthesize a large number of novel chemotherapeutic agents.
Pyridine drugs have broadened scope in remedying various dispositions in clinical medicines. Medicinal properties of Pyridine include anti hypertensive, anti histaminics, anticoagulants, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, ant tubercular, ant diabetic and ant malarial. Some Pyridine drugs, at high concentrations, could exert direct inhibitory action on membranes, without interference with...