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Abstract
Beethoven's Op 106 B Flat Major piano sonata is known as "Hammerklavier". This sonat, composed in 1819 corresponds to the mature period of the composer and is believed as one of the most difficult to be played. Allegro which is the first part of the sonata starts with exhibition section (first theme group, second theme group) development section and fugato within development section, development of modulation, finishes again with exhibition (first theme group, second theme group and finally Coda). Except from ordinary sonata forms sonata form following the fugue brings an increase in volume and in addition to that presents two different composition design within one. The reason why this composition is termed as hammer-clavier sonata is because this sonata is pioneer of modem piano. In addition, "Hammerklavier" is defined in literature as Pianoforte of 1820's Vienna. Within this study, it is observed that the material used in the first part is different from other, corresponds to the maturate period of the composer and includes different composition methodologies within the frame of sonata form. Related with the topic it is stressed how sonata form is developed in terms of historically and formal until 1819.
Keywords: Beethoven, Sonata, op. 106, Form in music.
INTRODUCTION
Sonata is a composition multiple parts, mainly developed, and composed for one or more instrument. For this reason it can be accepted as a type of chamber music. Sonata first appeared in Italy in the beginning of 17th century. It is a composition of Canzone and Suite. There are front classical and classical sonata types. There are 3 sections within classical sonata type which are exhibition, development and exhibition. Classical sonata is mainly composed of two themes. It consists of two themes presented in exhibition section. In the mid of 18th century, sonatas are mainly 3 parts. Beethoven is not completely indifferent from his antecedents in terms of sonata understanding. In addition to that he added sonata form further gains. With Beethoven theme gains additional manner rather than being a musical sentence. It plays the role of thinking or a personality. Thematic elements of Beethoven's sonat understandings are; A-male principle, b- Female Principle. During the sonata those principles are followed. The importance of development in Beethoven's sonatas is bigger...