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Hong Zhong 1 and Di Qu 1, 2 and Gao Lin 1 and Hongjun Li 3
Academic Editor:Gangbing Song
1, State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China
2, Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co. Ltd, Shanghai 200092, China
3, State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100048, China
Received 24 August 2013; Accepted 2 January 2014; 19 February 2014
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
1. Introduction
During the urbanization process, many subways have been constructed to meet the growing needs for fast and massive transportation. Taking the metro system in Shanghai as an example, twelve lines have been built in the past twenty years. In addition, two more lines are under construction and seven more are already on the city's construction plan. It is known that subways are highly demanding on the environment. Among others, ground-borne vibration from underground tunnels is a major environmental concern for nearby areas.
The problem of ground-borne vibration [1] has been studied by using different approaches, including in-situ measurement, laboratory test, and numerical modelling. Among others, Gupta et al. [2] investigated the influence of the vibration induced by the Beijing Metro on a physics laboratory by both vibration measurements and numerical simulation. For the purpose of designing vibration mitigation system in buildings, Sanayei et al. [3] compared the vibration measurements inside the buildings at foundation level with the open field measurements. Nicolosi et al. [4] considered the interaction between the railway vehicle and the superstructure and developed a unified model to predict the vibration induced by underground railway. Yang et al. [5] considered the variation of soil properties with depth and studied the ground-borne vibration through centrifuge test and numerical modelling. Forrest and Hunt [6] developed a refined track model based on the floating-slab track to assess its effectiveness.
However, most of the studies have focused on the vibration induced by trains running in long straight tunnels. For the ground near a subway station, the train would be in a state...