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Abstract
The article presents arguments regarding the necessity to study critical infrastructure-resources vital to the proper functioning of the society (insurance of the safety of the citizens' life, of the basic materials, the most important public services), based on the idea that critical infrastructure protection is one of the fundamental national security determinants. Knowledge, be of any kind, of the history of the evolution of military, economic, and social technical factors that gave rise at one point, to the necessity of the concept of "critical infrastructure", refers to the initial steps for the development of human civilization.
Keywords
Infrastructure, critical infrastructure, risk, protection, contemporary society
1. Introduction
Based on the premise that each generation has its own dilemmas at which they must respond, the study of hazards and threats to critical infrastructure is one of the most pressing challenges to contemporary society.
This challenge, a direct resultant of globalization (regarded as "mega-tendency") is due to the increasing complexity and interdependence of the sectors of infrastructure, increasing share of hazards and asymmetric threats.
The concept of protection both of citizens and of some objectives from direct threats new concepts of vulnerability have been added in recent years, caused particularly by the complex and dynamic processes - globalization and integration. This double tendency is unable to influence aspects of national security, the safety of people and intelligence, and the national and international institutions. The safety of citizens, social communities, nations and states is influenced organically by the continuous operation of particularly complex infrastructure systems that provide essential services to all areas of social life.
To better understand the issues of critical infrastructure, one needs to identify the main concepts that are operating in the area in order to present a series of items, facts, data, theories that confirm its utility.
2. Infrastructure
The infrastructure is the system of facilities, equipment and services necessary for the operation of an organization.
In the dictionary (DEX) infrastructure is defined as 1) The lower part of a construction that supports and fixes it in terrain. 2) Assembly of ground installations (hangars, runways, lighthouses, etc.) necessary to aviation. 3) The economic organization of society, which is the foundation of its ideology. 4) Elements of the technical-material base (communications and telecommunications...