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Abstract
The two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) that forms in ultra-clean GaAs/ AlGaAs heterostructures at low temperature is a versatile platform for the study of low dimensional physics and many-body interactions. Most famously, it hosts the fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) - a series of exotic states formed by the condensation of the electrons into a Laughlin liquid with fractionally charged excitations. One state in particular, theν= 5/2 fractional quantum Hall state, remains the subject of intense theoretical and experimental effort, due to the conjecture that its low-energy excitations may obey non-Abelian quantum statistics. This thesis describes a novel experimental technique to measure the specifie heat of the 2DEG and results in the second Landau level, including the first ever measurements of specifie heat in absolute units atν= 5/2.
The first major result discussed in this thesis is the observation of theν= 5/2 fractional quantum Hall effect in the Corbino geometry. Unlike in conventional geometries there is no edge connecting the two contacts, which enables us to study bulk transport without complications due to the physics of the quantum Hall edge.
The next major result we describe is a direct measurement of the electronphonon thermal relaxation time and thermal conductivity, from which we determine the specifie heat of the 2D EG. We find thermal time constants of a few microseconds in the temperature range 50-100 mK for several filling factors in the second Landau level, with thermal relaxation somewhat slower at ν = 5/2 than other filling factors. The specifie heat of the 2DEG is significantly enhanced above its value in the absence of magnetic field and follows an activation-like behaviour, as expected for a gapped state. By integrating the specifie heat, we obtain the entropy of the 2DEG, and find remarkable agreement with previously reported measurements of the entropy via longitudinal thermopower at both ν = 5/2 and ν = 7/3. Further refinement of our specifie heat measurement technique could le ad to detection of the non-Abelian entropy at ν = 5/2.





