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Clean Techn Environ Policy (2014) 16:13811392
DOI 10.1007/s10098-014-0771-2
ORIGINAL PAPER
Quantitative estimates of gas maldistribution and methods for their localization in absorption columns
Tatyana Petrova Natasha Vaklieva-Bancheva
Simeon Darakchiev Roman Popov
Received: 23 December 2013 / Accepted: 19 April 2014 / Published online: 8 May 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014
Abstract In the present work, we carry out evaluation of gas ow maldistribution in different types of gas distributing devices (GDD) and packings by using experimental data for the output velocity proles for both the absorption pilot column and industrial column. Two GDD construction typeswith circular and with local tube gas feed, together with their modicationsare investigated. Two pilot columnswith random packing RSRM 1.500 and with
structured ceramic Honey-comb packing, and one industrial contact economizer with Honey-comb and inclined ringshave been studied. Six types of quantitative estimations of GDD and packings maldistribution are determined by the help of MATHCAD. Then, their sensitivity toward several factors, such as the type of GDD and packing, the initial gas ow velocity, the number and dimension of measuring cells on the column cross-section, the measurement error, and so on, is investigated. It is found that only two of the quantitative maldistribution estimations take into account the formation of maldistribution clusters, which deteriorates the uniform gas distribution. A novel method for quantitative determination of these clusters and also for identication of the zones at column cross-section, in which they appeared, has been developed. It is established that the measurement error and the dimension of measuring cell deeply inuence the number, the area, and spatial distribution of these zones on the cross-section, as well as the values of maldistribution estimates.
Keywords Gas maldistribution indices Gas distribution
device Random and structured packing Contact
economizer Absorption
Introduction
Human activity and industry development are the main contributors to climate changes. Bulgarias National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Reports of the Executive Environment Agency (ExEA) are annual reports that estimate the total national greenhouse gas emissions. They provide estimates for the following gases: CO2, N2O, CH4,
F-gases (HFCs, PFCs, and SF6), NMVOC, NOx, CO, and SO2. According to the Report for 2011 (ExEA 2013), Bulgarias greenhouse gas emissions totaled 66 133.28 Gg CO2. Around 75 % of total CO2 eq emissions originated from the Energy sector and...