Abstract
The research object of the present article deals with the Moldovan and Romanian feminine proper names of Latin origin which were once canonized by the Catholic Church. The observation is based on a corpus of fifty-three feminine anthroponyms.
Every one of those fifty-three Moldovan and Romanian feminine names is derived from other proper names and therefore, they are classified according to the main characteristics of the anthroponym used as a basis for the process of derivation, i. e. if it is masculine or feminine by gender, if it is Latin or Moldovan/Romanian by origin.
Keywords: Moldavian/Romanian feminine personal name, Latin origin, canonized.
Gergana Atanassova Petkova, Antroponime feminine românesti de origine latina, acceptate de biserica catolica
Rezumat: în articol, propunem o prezentare etimologica a 53 de antroponime feminine românesti de origine latina, acceptate de biserica catolica. Fiecare dintre acestea deriva de la alte antroponime de gen masculin sau feminin, de origine latina sau româneasca. Cuvinte-cheie: antroponime feminine românesti, origine latina, acceptat.
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The research object of the present text focuses on the analysis of the Moldovan and Romanian feminine proper names of Latin origin which were once canonized by the Catholic Church.
The observation is based on a corpus of fifty-four feminine anthroponyms. "Dictionar onomastic românesc" by N. A. Constantinescu and the sites www.kurufin.ru and www.behindthename.com are used as the main sources of information. All the other additional sources of information used in order to complete this research and which are presented in this text are given at the very end, in References, and are cited in Endnotes.
Every one of those fifty-three Moldovan and Romanian feminine proper names is derived from another proper name and that is why they are classified according to the main characteristics of the anthroponym used as a basis during the process of derivation, i. e. whether it is masculine or feminine by gender, or whether it is Latin or Moldovan/Romanian by origin. We distinguish:
(1) Moldovan and Romanian feminine proper names derived from a 2Q Roman feminine name: Agripina (< Agrippina < Agrippinus (Roman cognomen)1), Beatrice (< Beatrix/Viatrix < Viator (late Latin name)2), Clara (< Clara < Clarus (late Latin name)3), Clementina (< Clementina < Clementinus (Roman cognomen)4), Diana (< Diana (the name of the Roman goddess of the moon, hunting, woods and birth-giving; meaning unknown5)6), Flora (< Flora (the name of the Roman goddess of the flowers < fl os, fl oris)7), Letitia (< Laetitia (late Latin name < laetitius ("happy")8), Lucia (< Lucia < Lucius (Roman praenomen)9), Monica (< Monica (late Latin name; meaning unknown10)11), Natalia (< Natalia (Medieval Latin name < Natale Domini ("Christmas Day")12, from (dies) Natalis ("Birthday; connected with the birth-giving") or from the Latin adjective natalis, e ("of birth, natal"14)), Olivia (< Oliva (late Latin name < oliva, ae ("olive")15), Petronela (< Petronilla (a diminutive of the Roman feminine name Petronia16) < Petronius (Roman family name)17), Regina (< Regina (late Latin name < regina, ae ("queen")18), Renata (< Renata (late Latin name < renatus ("reborn, born again")19), Roza (< Rosa (late Latin name < rosa, ae ("rose")20), Rozalia (< Rosalia (late Latin name < rosa, ae ("rose")21), Tatiana (< Tatiana < Tatianus (Roman cognomen)22), Violeta (< Viola (late Latin name < viola, ae ("violete")23).
(2) Moldovan and Romanian feminine proper names derived from a Moldovan/Romanian masculine proper name of Latin origin: Angela (< Angel (late Latin name)24), Antonina (< Antonin < Antoninus (Roman family name, used also as a cognomen)25), Augustina (< Augustin < Augustinus (Roman cognomen)26), Aurelia (< Aurel < Aurelius (Roman family name)27), Camila (< Camil < Camillus (Roman cognomen)28), Cezara (< Cezar < Caesar (Roman cognomen)29), Claudia (< Claudiu < Claudius (Roman family name)30), Cristiana (< Cristian < Christianus (late Latin name)31), Emilia (< Emil < Aemilius (Roman family name)32), Flavia (< Flaviu < Flavius (Roman family name)33), Flaviana (< Flavian < Flavianus (Roman family name)34), Floriana (< Florian < Florianus (Roman cognomen)35), Iulia (< Iuliu < Iulius/Julius (Roman family name)36), Iuliana (< Iulian < Iulianus (Roman cognomen)37), Iustina (< Iustin < Iustinus/Justinus (Roman cognomen)38), Laureana (< Laurean < Laurianus (late Latin name)39), Lucretia (< Lucretiu < Lucretius (Roman family name)40), Marcela (< Marcel < Marcellus (Roman cognomen)41), Mariana (< Marian < Marianus (Roman cognomen)42), Marina (< Marin < Marinus (Roman cognomen)43), Martina (< Martin < Martinus (Roman cognomen)44), Paula (< Paul < Paullus/Paulus (Roman praenomen, used also as a cognomen)45), Sabina (< Sabin < Sabinus (Roman cognomen)46), Silvia (< Silviu < Silvius (Roman family name)47), Valentina (< Valentin (< Valentinus (Roman cognomen)48), Valeria (< Valeriu < Valerius (Roman family name)49), Viviana (< Vivian < Vivianus (late Latin name)50).
(3) Moldovan and Romanian feminine proper names derived from a Moldovan/Romanian feminine proper name of Latin origin: Cristina (< Cristiana < Cristian (Moldovan/Romanian masculine properl name of Latin 31 origin) < Christianus (late Latin name)51).
(4) Moldovan and Romanian feminine proper names derived directly from a Roman masculine name:
- from a Roman family name: Cecilia < Caecilius52;
- from a Roman cognomen: Paulina < Paulinus53;
- from a Medieval Latin name: Laura < Laurus54.
(5) names with more than one origin and etymology: Constanta (< (1) from the Roman feminine name Constntia (< Constantius (Roman cognomen))55, (2) directly from the Roman masculine names Constans and Constantius (Roman cognomina)56); Domnica (< (1) from the Moldovan/Romanian masculine proper name of Latin origin Dominic < Dominicus (late Latin name)57, (2) from the Roman feminine name Domnica (diminutive of the Roman feminine name Domna)58); Felicia (< (1) from the Moldovan/Romanian masculine proper name of Latin origin Felix < Felix (Roman agnomen, i. e. a nickname, used as a second cognomen)59, (2) from the Roman feminine name Felicia < Felicius (Roman cognomen)60); Victoria (< (1) Victoria (the name of the Roman goddess of victory < victoria, ae ("victory")61, (2) directly from the Latin noun victoria, ae ("victory")62, (3) from the Roman cognomen Victorius < victor ("winner")63, (4) from the Roman cognomen Victor < victor ("winner")64).
Another classification can be done in accordance with the very fact if the name is canonized only by the Catholic Church or if it is included in the list of saint names recognized by the Orthodox Church:
- names canonized only by the Catholic Church: Angela, Augustina, Aurelia, Beatrice, Camila, Cezara, Clara, Clementina, Constanta, Cristiana, Felicia, Flavia, Flora, Floriana, Iuliana, Laureana, Letitia, Lucretia, Monica, Olivia, Paulina, Regina, Renata, Roza, Rozalia, Silvia, Victoria, Violeta, Viviana;
- names canonized by both the Catholic and the Orthodox Churches: Agripina, Antonina, Cecilia, Claudia, Cristina, Diana, Domnica, Emilia, Flaviana, Iulia, Iustina, Laura, Lucia, Narcela, Mariana, Marina, Martina, Natalia, Paula, Petronela, Sabina, Tatiana, Valentina, Valeria.
The biggest group is the one which consists of the Moldovan and Romanian feminine proper names that are derived from Moldovan and Romanian masculine proper names of Latin origin (27). The least group includes feminine anthroponyms derived from another Moldovan and 32 Romanian feminine proper name - there is only one example (Cristina < Cristiana).
The number of names derived from a masculine name (30) is bigger than that derived from a feminine anthroponym (19). Four of the names included in the present research are of uncertain etymology and origin. It is so because of the impossibility to find out the ways those names have entered the Moldovan and Romanian anthroponimic systems.
Twenty-eight of the observed names are derived from another Moldovan or Romanian name, while twenty-one are derived directly from a Roman name (eighteen from a feminine Roman name and three from a masculine one).
All the Moldovan and Romanian feminine proper names of Latin origin under consideration in the present text are canonized: twenty-nine by the Catholic Church, while twenty-four are included in the so-called saints' list by both Churches, i. e. the Orthodox and the Catholic ones.
Notes
1Conslanlinescu, 1963; www.kurufin.ru.
2www .kurufin.ru.
3www.behindthename.com; www.kurufin.ru.
4www .kurufin.ru.
5It is possible the name to be derived from pre-Indo-European word *deivos - "god" (www.kurufin.ru), from an Indo-European root meaning "heavenly, divine" (Voinov et alii, 1990; www.behindthename.com), from the Latin deus, i, m - "god" (Dzyatkovskaya et alii; Knappová, 1986), from the feminine form (, i. e. diviana) of the Latin divianus, 3 - "the one, who is divine" (Kovachev, 1995) or from the Latin dies, diei, mjp- "day" (http://slovnik.dovrecka.sk/etymologicky-slovnik-mien).
6www.behindthename.com; www.kurufin.ru.
7www .kurufin.ru.
8ibidem.
9Constantinescu, 1963; www.behindthename.com;www.kurufin.ru.
10It is supposed that the name is probably derived from the Greek fiövrj - "single" or from the Latin verb moneo, 2 - "remind; inspire; foretell" (www.kurufin.ru).
11www .kurufin.ru.
12Doichinovich, 2010; www.behindthename.com;www.kurufin.ru; http://slovnik.dovrecka.sk/ etymologicky-slovnik-mien.
13Constantinescu, 1963; Garkovich, 1966; Kol et alii, 2011; www.ksiegaimion.com; 33 www.leksykony.interia.pl; http://slovnik.dovrecka.sk/etymologicky-slovnik-mien.
14Dzyatkovskaya et alii, 1986; Ilchev, 1959; Knappová, 1986; Kol et alii, 2011; Kovachev, 1995.
15www .kurufin.ru.
16Ilchev, 1959; www.behindthename.com;www.kurufin.ru.
17www .kurufin.ru.
18ibidem.
19ibidem.
20ibidem.
21www.behindthename.com; www.kurufin.ru.
22ibidem.
23www .kurufin.ru.
24Constantinescu, 1963; www.behindthename.com;www.kurufin.ru.
25www .kurufin.ru.
26ibidem.
27www.behindthename.com; www.kurufin.ru.
28www .kurufin.ru.
29ibidem.
30www.behindthename.com; www.kurufun.ru.
31 www .kurufin.ru.
32www.behindthename.com; www.kurufun.ru.
33ibidem.
34www .kurufin.ru.
35ibidem.
36www.behindthename.com; www.kurufin.ru.
37ibidem.
38Constantinescu, 1963; www.kurufin.ru.
39www .kurufin.ru.
40ibidem.
41www.behindthename.com; www.kurufin.ru.
42ibidem.
43Conslanlinescu, 1963; www.behindthename.com;www.kurufin.ru.
44www.kurufin.ru.
45www.behindthename.com; www.kurufun.ru.
46ibidem.
47ibidem.
48Constantinescu, 1963; www.behindthename.com;www.kurufin.ru.
49ibidem.
50www .kurufin.ru.
51www.behindthename.com; www.kurufin.ru.
52www .kurufin.ru.
53ibidem.
54www.behindthename.com; www.kurufun.ru.
55Constantinescu, 1963; www.behindthename.com.
56www .kurufun.ru.
57ibidem.
58Constantinescu, 1963.
59www .kurufun.ru.
60www .behindthename. com.
61 www .kurufun.ru.
62www .behindthename. com.
63ibidem.
64Constantinescu, 1963.
References
CONSTANTINESCU, N. A. Dictionar onomastic românesc. Bucuresti: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Române, 1963 [=Constantinescu, 1963].
http://slovnik.dovrecka.sk/etymologicky-slovnik-mien
KNAPPOVÁ, M. Jak se bude jmenovat? Praha: Academia, 1985 [=Knappová, 1986].
PETKOVA, G. Moldavian and Romanian Feminine Personal Names with Latin Origin, Canonized by the Orthodox Church //Speech and Context International Journal of Linguistics, Semiotics and Literary Science. Vol. 2 (V), 2013. P. 55-61 [=Petkova, 2013].
www .behindthename .com
www.ksiegaimion.com
www.kurufin.ru
www.leksykony.interia.pl
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Gergana Atanasova Petkova: Associate Professor, Ph.D. Student, Paisii Hilendarski University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria; author of significant scientific and didactic pubhcations; participant in national and international scientific conferences; research areas: historical linguistics.
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Copyright Universitatea de Stat "Alecu Russo" din Balti 2014
Abstract
The research object of the present article deals with the Moldovan and Romanian feminine proper names of Latin origin which were once canonized by the Catholic Church. The observation is based on a corpus of fifty-three feminine anthroponyms. Every one of those fifty-three Moldovan and Romanian feminine names is derived from other proper names and therefore, they are classified according to the main characteristics of the anthroponym used as a basis for the process of derivation, i. e. if it is masculine or feminine by gender, if it is Latin or Moldovan/Romanian by origin.