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Organizations tend to apply Compliance Management System (CMS) as means to reduce risk. The fraud or corruption risk can be reduced by applying anti-corruption measures. The usefulness of these anti-corruption measures is not always questioned. Therefore measures might be applied which have little or no value in reality. Compliance Management Systems might be enhanced if hints can be found which measures were helpful for the organizations. In a laboratory experiment possible cause-effect relations for anti-corruption measures were tested in an international setting. Populations from different countries were selected to test also differences in the national settings. The effectiveness of CMS depends on a careful selection of the right activities. Nevertheless elements could be identified which are likely to have a stronger impact on the decision making than others. These should be in the focus when designing, evaluating and/or implementing a CMS. The approach should be embedded in an overall risk analysis to make sure that the relevant compliance risks are covered.