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Environ Sci Pollut Res (2015) 22:84328441 DOI 10.1007/s11356-014-4017-y
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Cultivar variations in cadmium and lead accumulationand distribution among 30 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars
Weitao Liu & Lichen Liang & Xue Zhang & Qixing Zhou
Received: 2 September 2014 /Accepted: 16 December 2014 /Published online: 30 December 2014 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014
Abstract In recent years, heavy metal pollution in agricultural soil in China has received public concern. The concept of low-accumulation cultivars (LACs) was proposed to minimize the influx of pollutants to the human food chain. Variations in Cd and Pb accumulation, distribution, and tolerance among 30 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars were studied in a hydroponic experiment to preliminary identify LACs of Cd or Pb for further field experiments. Of the 30 wheat cultivars tested, 27 and 26 wheat cultivars showed no effect of the Cd/Pb treatments on the shoot and root biomass, respectively. The results showed that the tested wheat cultivars had considerable tolerance to Cd and Pb toxicity. Significant (p<0.05) differences in shoot Cd concentration were observed among the tested wheat cultivars under treatments Cd1.0 and
Cd1.0Pb15, ranging from 0.91 to 6.74 and from 0.87 to 5.96, with the mean of 3.83 and 2.94 mg kg1 DW, respectively.
Significant (p<0.05) differences in shoot Pb concentration were also observed among the tested wheat cultivars under treatments Pb15 and Cd1.0Pb15, ranging from 22.18 to 94.03 and from 18.30 to 76.88, with the mean of 50.38 and41.20 mg kg1 DW, respectively. Low accumulation and internal distribution may both affect the cultivar differences in Cd and Pb accumulation in wheat shoots. Overall, wheat cultivars LF-13, LF-16, and LF-21 had lower Cd-accumulating abilities in their shoots. Wheat cultivars LF-13, LF-23, LF-26, and LF-27 showed low Pb accumulation characteristics in their shoots. An antagonistic interaction
occurred between Cd and Pb in accumulation in wheat roots and shoots, which will be further studied in field experiments.
Keywords Cadmium . Lead . Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) . Cultivar variation . Translocation . Accumulation . Distribution
Introduction
Heavy metal contamination in soils has dramatically increased during the last century due to mining, smelting, manufacturing, agricultural soils amended with municipal sewage sludge, and waste disposal practices (Barazani et al. 2004). In the past 10 years, quite a few studies...