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Abstract
Currently, there are many problems in construction of urban cemetery like improper location, low land utilization, backward greening facilities and imperfect cemetery management, which have greatly affected people's normal production and life. This article discusses the establishment of a sustainable city cemetery planning and compiling system from three levels of "macro-view, medium-view and micro-view" in order to perfect the present cemetery system.
Key words Urban cemetery, Planning and design, Compiling system
1 Introduction
The quickening of urbanization has resulted in the soaring in urban population and worsening of aging problem, which has further increased the demand of city cemetery land. According to statistics, the total population of China has reached 1.36782 billion by the end of 2014, increasing by 710 compared with the figure in the end of 2013. Birth population in 2014 was 16. 87 million with the birth rate reaching 12. 37 [per thousand]. Dead people were 9. 77 million with the mortality rate reaching 7. 16[per thousand] and the natural increase rate was 5.21 [per thousand]. The ratio of male to female was 115;88. Population aged 60 and over has reached 2. 1242 billion, accounting for 15.5% in total population. And population aged 65 and over has achieved 1.3755 billion, taking up over 10. 1% in total population of China and 25% in world aged population. Besides, it is predicted by the United Nations that the percentage of population aged 65 and over in total population in 2030 and 2050 will be 15. 7% and 22. 6% respectively. This large land demand aggravates the increasing shortage of urban land resources, therefore scientific and rational city cemetery planning and compiling is of great significance.
2 The status quo of urban cemetery planning and construction
Urban cemetery is the product of modern funeral mode and is indispensable in urban construction. Due to the taboo to death and cemetery in Chinese traditional culture, urban cemetery construction has not been paid enough attention in China. Cemetery development and construction lack the guideline and design of urban master planning, let alone the idea of landscape environment construction.
2.1 Gravel of forested mountain ; land competition between dead and living people Fight for "living environment" between dead and living people has been the main problem...