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Abstract In order to provide the scientific basis for the governance of Tien Lake. The experiment was conducted to investigate different types of surface soil phosphorus in Tien Lake Basin, the author mainly studied the evolution and the accumulation characteristics of the surface soil phosphorus in Tien Lake Basin. The results showed that: The content of surface soil total phosphorus, Olsen-P and water soluble phosphorus in Tien Lake was significant accumulated over the past 20 years. The content of total phosphorus, Olsen-P and water soluble phosphorus in different land utilization types showed the same sequence: greenhouse soil>arable soil>builtup area soil>woodland soil. The content of soil total phosphorus, Olsen-P and water soluble phosphorus was signally relevant. The content of soil phosphorus in Tien Lake Basin had reached the level of very rich, the accumulation characteristic of phosphorus was obvious and there was a high risk of phosphorus pollution.
Key words Tien Lake; soil; phosphorus; evolution; accumulation
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Phosphorus is one of the three nutritive elements for crops, and also the limiting factor for the eutrophication of lakes. Since the Calcium phosphate manufacturing technology had been invented in British. The application of phosphate fertilizer had made an important contribution to maintain and improve soil productivity and ensure the safety of food in the past 100 years11-21. However, the long-term excessive fertilization in the agricultural production did not only cause the accumulation of the surface soil phosphorus, but also caused the eutrophication of water, which took a huge threat to the environment13-41. Research shows that the rainfall and irrigation after fertilization played a runoff and leaching role on soil, resulting in the loss of phosphorus, and increased the environmental pollution15-61. The pollution load from agricultural non-point sources of phosphorus was in a large proportion, the proportion of America agriculture made to the non-point source pollution was 75%, 52% of the phosphorus load of the 270 rivers in Denmark caused by agricultural non-point source pollution, reducing the pollution from agriculture has become the second largest environmental problems which America, Canada and other countries thinking about preferentially171. Tien Lake was the highest eutrophicated lake in China, the background value of watershed soil phosphorus was very high, with the adjustment of agricultural structure, the...