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Abstract
Sichuan, gardens consist of various types and forms, showing simple, primitive, peaceful, cultural and inclusive characteristics. These features owe to its special geographical condition, historical background and regional culture. Furthermore, Taoism that originated from the ancient Shu Kingdom influenced the formation of Sichuan garden deeply. Through reviewing its features and formation causes, spiritual connotations of Sichuan garden can be summarized as the worldview of pursuing the nature, the practical values and the philosophy of accommodating.
Keywords Sichuan gardens, Temperaments, Causes, Spiritual connotations
In the long history of development, unique regional cultures and distinctive geographical features of Sichuan Basin have contributed to the diverse types and different forms of local gardens have been formed In general, Sichuan gardens show a common temperament, which is same as Sichuan food and Sichuan Bonsai. It is a main material carrier and an important part of local culture in Sichuan that has important significance in the cultural heritage of modem regional landscape to study the temperament and spiritual connotation,
1 Temperaments of Sichuan gardens
1.1 Primitive and delicate
As for the temperaments of Sichuan gardens, Zhao Changgeng has summed up as "elegant and amenable, flexible and changeable, quaint and peaceful, cultural and literary, primitive and delicate11'". The concise and comprehensive phrases describe the temperament of Sichuan gardens vividly and accurately. On site selection, Sichuan gardens are located In downtown or suburbs. On layout, all types of Sichuan gardens are constructed by fully using natural terrain, original rivers and trees. Therefore, they are different from royal gardens and private gardens. It is the character of primitive and simple that becomes the most impressive temperament of Sichuan gardens.
1.2 Cultural and literary
Sichuan gardens become famous mainly because of one or two celebrities taking part in the construction or paying a visit to the gardens, which is different from the southern gardens. In the later construction, the builders began to consciously build gardens according to the history of celebrities, so they were gradually related to some scholars. "Guihu Lake", called "South Pavilion", was a post station in the early Tang Dynasty and changed into Xinduyi in the Song Dynasty12'. Yang Sheng'an, a famous scholar from Sichuan in the Ming Dynasty, planted ostnanthus around the lake and then the lake...