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Polymer Journal (2015) 47, 599608
& 2015 The Society of Polymer Science, Japan (SPSJ) All rights reserved 0032-3896/15 http://www.nature.com/pj
Web End =www.nature.com/pj
Motohiro Tagaya1,2
When biomaterials are implanted into an animal body, the body uid proteins initially adsorb and then cells recognize these surfaces. Adherent cell functions respond differently to diverse biomaterial surfaces with different properties. Thus, an understanding of cellular responses to biomaterials is crucial for effective control of biomaterial cell interactions. I have researched how to clarify interfacial phenomena via protein adsorption and subsequent cell adhesion to hydroxyapatite nanocrystals using a quartz crystal microbalance with a dissipation technique. In this review, I focused on the current understanding of enhanced biocompatibility by exploring the roles of protein mediation at the interface. The most promising nano-bio interfaces are explained, and different protein adsorption and cell adhesion processes are highlighted depending on their interfacial states. This approach will clarify several ambiguities of interfacial phenomena between biomaterials and cells and will help in the design of novel biomaterials that can be implanted.
Polymer Journal (2015) 47, 599608; doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/pj.2015.43
Web End =10.1038/pj.2015.43; published online 8 July 2015
INTRODUCTION
Reecting the broad scope and rapid development of biomaterial sciences, dozens of papers have recently been published in this eld.Although biomaterials include many types of materials such as metals, ceramics, polymers and inorganicorganic composites, native materials are widely used in the eld, such as titanium for dental implants, stainless steel for orthopedic implants, poly(tetrauoroethylene) for blood vessel replacement, poly(dimethylsiloxane) for internal drainage and poly(methylmethacrylate) for intraocular lenses. Native material surfaces are unsophisticated as compared with biomolecular architecture on living tissue surfaces. To obtain a positive and selective interaction with biomaterial surface architecture, these surfaces should seek to match certain recognition sites on corresponding biological surfaces to form biocompatible hybrid interfaces.
Cell adhesion is involved in various natural phenomena such as embryogenesis, maintenance of tissue structure, wound healing, immune responses, metastasis and tissue integration of biomaterial.Accordingly, biocompatibility of biomaterials is very closely related to cell behavior upon contact. For example, Figure 1 shows three possible processes that can occur after the implantation of biomaterials into the body.1 First, ions and molecules reach the biomaterial surfaces and interact and bind depending on the surface properties. The hydration layers on the surface are...