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Web End = Clin Exp Nephrol (2015) 19:909917
DOI 10.1007/s10157-015-1088-0
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Web End = Impact of kidney function and urinary protein excretion on intimamedia thickness in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes
Yusuke Nakade Tadashi Toyama Kengo Furuichi Shinji Kitajima Yoshiyasu Miyajima Mihiro Fukamachi
Akihiro Sagara Yasuyuki Shinozaki Akinori Hara Miho Shimizu Yasunori Iwata Hiroyasu Oe
Mikio Nagahara Hiroshi Horita Yoshio Sakai Shuichi Kaneko Takashi Wada
Received: 27 October 2014 / Accepted: 18 January 2015 / Published online: 3 February 2015 Japanese Society of Nephrology 2015
AbstractBackground Carotid echo indexes [intimamedia thickness (IMT)] are commonly used surrogate markers for cardiovascular disease; however, the impacts of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on changes in IMT are unclear. We examined associations between CKD and IMT in participants with and without type 2 diabetes through longitudinal analysis.
Methods In total, 424 subjects were enrolled in this study. IMT was measured as per carotid echo indexes. Relationships between IMT and risk factors were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis, in which we dened IMT as the dependent variable and atherosclerosis-related factors (age, sex, systolic pressure, total cholesterol, body mass index, estimated glomerular ltration rate (eGFR), uric acid, smoking index, number of antihypertensive
drugs, statin use, urinary protein levels, past cardiovascular event, glycated hemoglobin, and diabetes duration) as independent variables.
Results The study population was composed of 70.3 % male subjects. Participants with diabetes accounted for64.4 % of the total population. The mean follow-up duration was 2.2 1.5 years. Alterations in IMT tended to be associated with systolic blood pressure (?10 mmHg) (b = -0.0084, p = 0.09) and eGFR (?10 mL/min/
1.73 m2) (b = -0.0049, p = 0.06) in all participants. In participants without diabetes, alterations in IMT were associated with eGFR (?10 mL/min/1.73 m2) (b =
-0.0104, p = 0.03) and tended to be associated with systolic blood pressure (?10 mmHg) (b = 0.0094, p = 0.06).
No signicant relationships were found in participants with diabetes.
Conclusion Low eGFR was associated with progression of carotid thickness independent of common cardiovascular risk factors in...