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Web End = J Comp Physiol B (2015) 185:859868 DOI 10.1007/s00360-015-0933-5
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Web End = Growthpromoting effects of sustained swimming in ngerlings of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.)
Josena Blasco1 A. Moya1 A. MillnCubillo1 E. J. Vlez1 E. Capilla1 J. PrezSnchez2 J. Gutirrez1 J. Fernndez Borrs1
Abstract Fish growth is strongly inuenced by environmental and nutritional factors and changing culture conditions can help optimize it. The importance of early-life experience on the muscle phenotype later in life is well known. Here, we study the effects of 5 weeks of moderate and sustained swimming activity (5 BL s1) in gilthead sea bream during early development. We analysed growth and body indexes, plasma IGF-I and GH levels, feed conversion, composition [proximate and isotopic (15N/13C)]
and metabolic key enzymes (COX, CS, LDH, HOAD, HK, ALAT, ASAT) of white muscle. Moderate and continuous exercise in ngerlings of gilthead sea bream increased plasma IGF-I, whereas it reduced plasma GH. Under these conditions, growth rate improved without any modication to feed intake through an increase in muscle mass and a reduction in mesenteric fat deposits. There were no changes in the content and turnover of muscle proteins and lipid reserves. Glycogen stores were maintained, but glycogen turnover was higher in white muscle of exercised sh. A lower LDH/CS ratio demonstrated an improvement in the aerobic capacity of white muscle, while a reduction in the COX/CS ratio possibly indicated a functional adaptation of mitochondria to adjust to the tissue-specic energy demand and metabolic fuel availability in exercised sh.
Received: 20 May 2015 / Revised: 7 September 2015 / Accepted: 15 September 2015 / Published online: 21 September 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015
We discuss the synergistic effects of dietary nutrients and sustained exercise on the different mitochondrial responses.
Keywords Exercise White muscle 13C/15N IGF-I/
GH RNA/DNA COX/CS
Introduction
For several species of sh, especially salmonids, moderate exercise (i.e., training) induced by a slow water current enhances growth rate, being often accompanied by improved food conversion (Davison 1997). Previous studies by our group observed similar effects of sustained swimming in juvenile...