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Web End = Neuromol Med (2015) 17:391403 DOI 10.1007/s12017-015-8368-4
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Web End = Roles of Treg/Th17 Cell Imbalance and Neuronal Damagein the Visual Dysfunction Observed in Experimental Autoimmune Optic Neuritis Chronologically
Yuanyuan Liu1 Caiyun You1 Zhuhong Zhang1 Jingkai Zhang1
Hua Yan1
Received: 12 February 2015 / Accepted: 22 August 2015 / Published online: 30 August 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015
Abstract Optic neuritis associated with multiple sclerosis and its animal model, experimental autoimmune optic neuritis (EAON), is characterized by inammation, T cell activation, demyelination, and neuronal damage, which might induce permanent vision loss. Elucidating the chronological relationship among the features is critical for treatment of demyelinating optic neuritis. EAON was induced in C57BL/6 mice immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein subcutaneously, and visual function was assessed by ash-visual evoked potential (F-VEP) at days 7, 11, 14, 19, 23, 28 post-immunization. Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) apoptosis was measured by terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick-end labeling. Demyelination and axonal damage were veried with myelin basic protein (MBP) and b-amyloid precursor protein staining, respectively. Real-time polymerase chain reaction quantied IL-17, IL-1b, TGF-b, FoxP3, IL-6, and
IL-10 mRNA expression in the optic nerve, as well as FoxP3 and IL-17 staining. Systemic changes of Th17 and Treg cells were tested by ow cytometry in spleen. F-VEP latency was prolonged at 11 days and peaked at 23 days commensurate with demyelination. However, F-VEP amplitude was reduced at 11 days, preceding axon damage, and was exacerbated at 23 days when a peak in RGC apoptosis was detected. Th17 cells up-regulated as early as 7 days and peaked at 11 days, while Treg cells down-regulated inversely compared to Th17 cells change as veried by IL-17 and FoxP3 expression; spleen cell
samples were slightly different, demonstrating marked changed at 14 days. Treg/Th17 cell imbalance in the optic nerve precedes and may initiate neuronal damage of axons and RGCs. These changes are commensurate with the appearances of visual dysfunction reected in F-VEP and hence may offer a novel therapeutic avenue for vision preservation.
Keywords EAON Th17/Treg cell imbalance Neuronal
damage Visual...