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Do-it-yourself AI is a popular option on dairy farms, but results can be variable and operators need a thorough understanding of the cow's reproductive organs before they begin. Vet Jonathan Statham offers some guidance
1. Positioning the cow
* The chance of AI success is greatly increased when the cow is relaxed; it should stand on a level surface with plenty of grip. The cow should also be appropriately restrained.
Use an area which is already familiar to the cow and the facility should be well lit, with provision made for food and water.
Minimise any changes in the routine and do not mix cows from separate groups at the point of insemination. Keep them in their group until they return to the herd.
2. Thawing the straw
* Before thawing the straw, check the water temperature; it should be at 35C, or as instructed by the semen company. Particular care should be taken with sexed semen; for optimum results it may require slightly longer and warmer thawing temperatures.
The straw should be removed from the flask with forceps and submerged in the water. Leave it in for 20-30sec for a 0.25ml straw and 40secfora 0.5ml one.
After withdrawal, wipe it dry and place it in the gun, which should have been pre-warmed by rubbing between the hands. Only thaw one straw at a time.
Cut the crimped straw end at a 90deg angle, then slide on to the plastic sheath and secure with the collar. Hold the gun vertically and gently press the plunger upwards, until the semen rises to the top. The gun is now primed.
3. Preparing the cow
* Clean the cow's vulva with a paper towel and put on a full-arm glove and lubricant. Insert your arm into the cow, by forming a cone with your fingers while keeping the tail aside with your other hand.
Gently work out any excess dung and if the rectum...