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ABSTRACT
The aim of the present work is to compare the outcomes of sol gel synthetic technique with oxalic acid. The sol gel synthetic technique would be used on two different precursors: manganese acetate and manganese chloride. In a synthesis method using manganese acetate as a precursor, manganese oxalate dihydrate is first produced via the sol-gel process and then decomposed in the air, at high temperatures. The decomposition process leads to the emergence of Mn^sub 3^O^sub 4^. In other methods, Mn^sub 2^O^sub 3^ nanoparticle powder has been prepared using similar sol-gel processes and manganese chloride as a precursor. A comparitive study has been done on structural analysis by Xray diffraction (XRD), surface analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and magnetic properties using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer.
Keywords: Mn2O3 nanoparticles
INTRODUCTION
The aim of the present work is to compare the outcomes of sol gel synthetic technique used on two different precursors, i.e. manganese acetate and manganese chloride with oxalic acid. The samples obtained are characterised using XRD, SQUID, and SEM. These samples are necessary since researchers are constantly exploring ways to customize nanoparticles to suit various applications across multiple domains such as cosmetics, optical components, biology, physics, chemistry, pharmaceutical drug manufacture, polymer science, toxicology, and mechanical engineering. These composites have been used in wastewater treatment, catalysis, sensors, supercapacitors, and alkaline and rechargeable batteries. Particularly MnO and MnO2 nanomaterials have attracted great interest as anode materials in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for their high theoretical capacity, low cost, environmental benignity, and special properties. Much of the paper will provide details about manganese oxide, including its formation, appearance, and how to use it.
Manganese belongs to transition metals, thus showing various oxidation states and able to form different oxides (MnO, Mn2O3, Mn3O4, Mn5O8, and MnO2). All oxides have different characteristics and can be used for a wide of technological applications [1-2]. Among oxides of manganese, Mn3O4 is the most stable and can have potential applications in high-density magnetic storage media, catalysts, ion exchange, molecular adsorption, electrochemical materials, varistors, and solar energy transformation. Due to the ferromagnetic behavior of Mn3O4, it is the main source of ferrite, which has extensive applications in electronics and information technology [3-5]. MnO2 nanoparticles have applications in batteries, water treatment,...