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Abstract: The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the world and causes many ano-genital cancers and pre-cancerous lesions. HPV is most common in adolescents and young adults with highest risk in college-aged males. With no available cure for HPV, interest in HPV prevention increased since advent of the HPV vaccine. While public health literature incorporated HPV and health promotion, nursing literature neglected health promotion in favor of a focus on prevention. Nursing attempted to address concepts regarding HPV within theoretical frameworks, but utilization of such frameworks regarding HPV in college-aged males is inadequate. The aim of this article is to integrate health-promoting behaviors related to HPV in college-aged males within Penders Health Promotion Model to increase HPV education and decrease the overall incidence of HPV related disease. Integration includes critical appraisal of literature, discussion of Pender's Health Promotion Model, and implications for nursing practice.
Key words: health promotion, human papilloma virus, Penders Health Promotion Model
The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is presently the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world and has been linked to ano-genital cancers, oral cancers, pre-cancerous ano-genital lesions, and anal condylomas (The HPV and Anal Cancer Foundation, 2013). HPV infection occurs predominately in adolescents and young adults with the highest risk among college-aged males. Currently, no cure for HPV exists. However, a new focus on HPV education and health promotion has transpired with the advent of the HPV vaccine (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2012).
The incorporation of HPV health-promoting behaviors into nursing-based educational programs is essential to reduce the incidence of HPv infection. Although the concept of HPV health promotion is cited within nursing literature, nursing has been focused on disease prevention rather than adopting a health promotion philosophy (Kemppainen, Tossavainen, and Iurnunen, 2012). Consequently, the majority of literature on health-promoting behaviors regarding HPV has been published, within the public health sector. As a. result, a distinct; gap in nursing literature exists.
PURPOSE
Nursing, as well as other disciplines, has attempted to address health-promotion and disease prevention regarding HPV within theoretical frameworks such as the Neuman Systems Model and the Health Belief Model. However, utilization of these theoretical frameworks to guide HPV health-promoting behaviors in college-aged males is deficient. The purpose of this...