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ABSTRACT
Inspired by the provisions of the Italian Civil Code, the Romanian legislator regulates both the unilateral termination of the instant implementation contract, and of the successive implementation contract. If, for successive implementation contracts, unilateral termination involves the simple cessation of the contract relation, the unilateral termination of instant implementation contracts has retroactive effects, unless otherwise stipulated, therefore raising questions over the very existence of the contract. The right of a party to change its mind following the performance of the agreement, within the meaning of an explicit cancellation provision, terminating the contract legal reports, was also acknowledged under the auspices of the former Civil Code, and, therefore, the legislative novelty consists of determining the legal regime for the exercising of the cancellation right.
The provisions concerning the date up to which the cancellation right can be exercised, as well as the role given to the stipulated provision in exchange for the termination tempers the uncertainty concerning the contract outcome. At the same time, the facultative nature of art. 1276 par. (1) and (2) of the Civil Code gives the parties the freedom to establish the legal regime of the cancellation based on their own interests.
The article analyzes the legal nature of the right of cancellation and the formation of contracts affected by a cancellation clause and focuses in the end on the establishment of the deadline until when the right of cancellation can be exercised.
Keywords:cancellation clause,arbitrary right,contract establishment, cancellation price, tacit waiver of the right of cancellation.
REZUMAT
Inspirat de dispozitiile Codului civil italian, legiuitorul român reglementeaza atât denuntarea unilaterala a contractului cu executare instantanee, cât si pe cea a contractului cu executare succesiva. Daca în cazul contractelor cu executare succesiva, denuntarea unilaterala presupune o simpla încetare a relatiei contractuale, dezicerea produce efecte retroactive, în lipsa unei stipulatii contrare, astfel ca este pusa în discutie însasi existenta contractului. Dreptul unei parti de a se razgândi dupa realizarea acordului de vointe, în temeiul unei clauze exprese de dezicere, desfiintând raporturile juridice contractuale, era recunoscut si sub auspiciile vechiului Cod civil, astfel ca noutatea legislativa consta în determinarea regimului juridic al exercitarii dreptului de dezicere.
Prevederile referitoare la momentul pâna la care poate fi exercitat dreptul de dezicere, precum si rolul atribuit prestatiei...