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This paper discusses how the novel by Peruvian writer Jos Mara Arguedas, El zorro de arriba y el zorro de abajo (1971), can sense the dangers that alternative development models such as the Buen Vivir could be subject to when critical discourses of Development theory, such as the post -development, show themselves as clear supporters. To illustrate this danger, the novel establishes a series of tensions between characters like Don Diego and Maxwell whom, based on their respective visions of buenvivirismo and post-developmentalism, try to give solutions to a city like Chimbote, one fully dened by an openly developmental urban teleology.