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ABSTRACT: Since the beginning of the century, the environment (air, land and water) has been subjected to increasing pressure from industrial and human activities whose effects were quickly felt. In the aquatic environment, much of anthropogenic or natural compounds are adsorbed on particulate matter and accumulate in sediment. Sediment can affect the bioavailability of contaminants and therefore toxicity. A transect was established along the river Karavia, and (composite) samples of sediments were collected in surface and in depth about four retained stations for laboratory analysis. The results indicate a high concentration of trace metals (SEM), especially copper (3488 ppm 2307 ppm surface against deep) in sediments. The level of copper content exceeds excessively standards AFNOR, WHO and Canadian recommendations for the protection of aquatic life and indicate severe pollution of the substrate. The transfer of pollutants through the profile, particularly the copper is notable. This is justified: First, the ETM from copper production through the factory Gecamines has accumulated in the surface horizons and reached a very high level of concentration, causing the disappearance of vegetation and emergence of large bare surfaces. Increased erosion explains the transfer of the ETM-Penga Penga tray down or bottom-Karavia pass the river. Second, the chemical parameters (pH, CEC) and soil (particle size) explain the transfer of ETM through the profile. The ultimate goal of this study component "sediment" is to assess the impact of these pollutants, sediment in particular, the most realistic way possible on the environment.
KEYWORDS: ETM, Transfer, Penga-Penga tray, Lowlands, Contents, Sediment, Toxicity, Environment.
RESUME: Depuis le début du siècle, l'environnement (atmosphérique, terrestre et aquatique) a été soumis à la pression croissante des activités industrielles et humaines dont les effets se sont fait rapidement sentir.
Dans le milieu aquatique, une grande partie des composés d'origine anthropique ou naturelle s'adsorbent sur les particules en suspension, puis s'accumulent au niveau des sédiments. Les sédiments peuvent modifier la biodisponibilité des contaminants et par conséquent leur toxicité. Un transect a été établi le long de la rivière Karavia, et des échantillons (composites) des sédiments ont été prélevés en surface comme en profondeur sur quatre stations retenues, pour analyse au laboratoire. Les résultats obtenus indiquent une forte concentration des éléments traces métalliques (ETM), particulièrement le cuivre (3488 ppm en surface...