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Introduction
Mexico has 1 million 964 000 374 km2 of land area and has 121 million in habitants. Agricultural acreage in Mexico has remained relatively constant over the last 25 years by about 20 million hectares. For 2014 is 22.2 hectares. Agriculture employs 5.6 million people. (http://www.siap.gob.mx/atlas2015/index.html ).
Commercial agricultural products mostly come from three areas of the country, the tropics of the Gulf of Mexico and Chiapas Highlands, the irrigated lands of the north and northwest and the Bajío region in central Mexico. The most profitable tropical crops are coffee and sugarcane. Coffee is exported but sugarcane is mostly for domestic consumption. Other important tropical crops are fruits such as bananas, pineapples and mangos as well as cacao and rice. Vanilla is still also grown, which is native to Mexico. Cotton is an important crop in the export agricultural areas of the Soconusco in Chiapas and in the north of Mexico. Traditional farming methods with small plots worked by families and small communities still dominate in many regions especially those with large indigenous populations such as the Southern Plateau. In these areas the main crops are corn, beans as in the Mesoamerican period. Many peasants still survive on subsistence agriculture earning cash by selling excess crops in local markets, especially in central and southern Mexico. (http://www.britannica.com/place/Mexico ).
The increase in population in the country is doing indispensable automation of agriculture in order to feed a growing population with a workforce that has migrated to the cities and the United States. Situation that threatens food security of the country, forcing to look for alternatives to solve the problem of food production, being the only solution is to increase productivity, because the agricultural frontier already the limit. Agricultural mechanization is the only way to dramatically increase productivity, being that in the XXI century is to be applied at the highest level, automation and robotics. Currently developed countries are advanced in this area, in Latin America, Argentina. Brazil and Chile are making efforts on robotics in agriculture. In the country's efforts are minimal .As the aims of this paper review the status of the applications of the robotics in Mexican agriculture and perspectives for the future and show that Mexico needs to make efforts research in...