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Analiziran je kemijski sastav etericnih ulja sest populacija endemske biljke dubcac arduini (Teucrium arduini L.) koje rastu na podrucju Hrvatske plinskom kromatografijom-spektrometrijom masa radi dodatnog istrazivanja varijabilnosti unutarpopulacije. Identificirano je ukupno 43 komponenata a glavnu skupinu cine seskviterpenski ugljikovodici (66,00-89,69%). Germakren D je glavni sastojak ulja dobivenog destilacijom biljaka ubranih na lokaciji Ucka (30,51%) i na Biokovu (lokacije Vosac - 34,47% i Sveti Jure - 49,14%) dok je ß-kariofilen najprisutnija komponenta etericnog ulja dobivenog destilacijom biljaka ubranih na Velebitu (Susanj - 32,09% i Veliki Vaganac - 40,13%) iSnijeznici (36,81%). Od ostalih komponenata najzastupljeniji su bili kariofilen oksid (1,17-13,42%), a-humulen (2,54-7,70%) i spatulenol (1,78-5,00%).
Kljucne rijeci: dubcac, etericno ulje, fitokemija, Teucrium arduini
Summary
Chemical composition of the essential oil (analysed by GC-MS) was conducted on six populations of endemic Teucrium arduini L. growing in Croatia to obtain additional knowledge on interpopulations variability of oil. Totally 43 components, in all, were identified and the main class were sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (66.00-89.69%). Germacren D was the main constituent in essential oil from Mt Ucka (30.51%) and Mt Biokovo (Vosac- 34.47%, Sveti Jure - 49.14%), while β-caryophyllene was identified as a major compound in the oil from Mt Velebit (Susanj-32.09%, Veliki Vaganac - 40.13%) and Mt Snijeznica (36.81%). Among the other more represented components were caryophyllene oxide (1.17-13.42%), a-humulene (2.54-7.70%), and spathulenol (1.78-5.00%).
Keywords: essential oil, phytochemistry, Teucrium arduini
Introduction
The genus Teucrium L. (family Lamiaceae) comprises about 200 herbs and shrubs distributed worldwide, especially in the Mediterranean region with about 140 species. A few species are found in South America, in the mountainous, tropical areas of northeast and southern Africa, and in Australia (Wielgorskaya, 1995). Forty nine Teucrium genus have been described in Europe (Tutin and Wood, 1972), and eleven in Croatia (Domac, 1994). Teucrium arduini L. (syn. T. arduinoi L.) is an endemic Illyric-Balcanic species with restricted range in the Western Balkans, distributed mainly on the mountains along the Adriatic Coast from the Istria Peninsula in Croatia in the north to northern Albania in the south. It is a semi-woody, branchy, erect or ascending dwarf shrub up to 60 cm high with whitish flowers which form simple, dense, up to 16 cm long inflorescences. Teucrium arduini grows on calcareous rocks, on rocky outcrops, and in...