Prevalencia de la pérdida prematura de molares temporales y su relación con algunos factores de riesgo en niños y niñas preescolares del Cantón de Montes de Oca.

Abstract

Some risk factors associated with the premature loss of deciduous molars, were analyzed (PLDM) in children aged five and six years in the county of Montes de Oca; health area attached to the Delivery Program Dental Services (PAIS-UCR -CCSS). A cross-sectional epidemiological study of prevalence rate was conducted. Through the statistical technique of probability to size (PPS) a sample was selected: 370 participants from eight schools. Data collection was performed by four instruments: a clinical examination, a home-sent questionnaire, one completed by teachers and a record of content caries risk snack foods. Statistical analysis: (1) Univariate analysis, (2) Bivariate analysis, (3) Logistic regression model, (4) Analysis of potential impact of the factors. Results: (1) Demographic conditions are the main risk factor associated with the PLDM. (2) Variables related to food habits and hygiene showed no statistically significant association. This is explained by the type of design used in the research. (3) Biological risk factor for dental caries is PLDM disease prevalence of 29% of the parts studied, (IC95% 0,27-0,31). (4) PLDM presented a prevalence of 6% (IC95% 0,05- 0,07). (5) The highest prevalence of premature loss was in the lower left first molar (95% 0,02-0,06). The potential effect of diminishing the PLDM was significant, in relation to the fact of having attended several dental health services during the last year for treatment of a problem of dental origin.