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http://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.1007/s00210-016-1313-8&domain=pdf
Web End = http://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.1007/s00210-016-1313-8&domain=pdf
Web End = Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol (2017) 390:139148 DOI 10.1007/s00210-016-1313-8
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Nerolidol-loaded nanospheres prevent behavioral impairment via ameliorating Na+, K+-ATPase and AChE activities aswell as reducing oxidative stress in the brain of Trypanosoma evansi-infected mice
Matheus D. Baldissera1 & Carine F. Souza1 & Thirssa H. Grando1 & Karen L. S. Moreira2 &
Andressa S. Schafer1 & Luciana F. Cossetin1 & Ana P.T. da Silva3 & Marcelo L. da Veiga2 &
Maria Izabel U. M. da Rocha2 & Lenita M. Stefani4 & Aleksandro S. da Silva4 &
Silvia G. Monteiro1
Received: 22 April 2016 /Accepted: 19 October 2016 /Published online: 2 November 2016 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016
Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of nerolidol-loaded nanospheres (N-NS) on the treatment of memory impairment caused by Trypanosoma evansi in mice, as well as oxidative stress, and Na+, K+-ATPase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities in brain tissue. Animals were submitted to behavioral tasks (inhibitory avoidance task and open-field test) 4 days postinfection (PI). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) levels and catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Na+, K+-ATPase and AChE activities were measured on the fifth-day PI. T. evansi-infected mice showed memory deficit, increased ROS and TBARS levels and SOD and AChE activities, and decreased CAT and Na+, K+-ATPase activities compared to uninfected mice. N-NS prevented memory impairment and oxidative stress parameters (except SOD activity), while free nerolidol (N-F) restored only CAT activity. Also, N-NS treatment was able to prevent alterations in Na+, K+-ATPase and AChE activities caused by T. evansi
infection. A significantly negative correlation was observed between memory and ROS production (p < 0.001; r = 0.941), as well as between memory and AChE activity (p < 0.05; r = 0.774). On the contrary, a significantly positive correlation between memory and Na+, K+-ATPase activity was observed (p < 0.01; r = 0.844). In conclusion, N-NS was able to reverse memory impairment and to prevent increased ROS and TBARS levels due to amelioration of Na+,
K+-ATPase and AChE activities and to activation of the anti-oxidant enzymes, respectively. These results suggest that NNS treatment may be a useful strategy to treat memory dys-function and oxidative stress caused by T. evansi infection.
Keywords Antioxidant enzymes...