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ABSTRACT:
Objective: To review about the allergic reactions caused due to dental materials to the physician, patients and the dental assistants
Background: Usage of dental materials ranging from diagnosis to rehabilitation for the management of oral diseases is at a potential risk of inducing allergic reactions to the patient, technician and dentist. Allergic reactions manifest in the form of urticaria, swelling, burning, pain and dryness of mucosa, stomatitis which can also cause life threatening conditions like laryngeal edema, anaphylaxis and cardiac arrhythmias. Individual sensitivity and population sensitivity of dental materials should be considered. It is essential to obtain proper history related to allergy, clinical examination and various confirmatory tests.
Conclusion: The reason for this review is to have adequate knowledge about various allergic reactions caused by dental materials.
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1. INTRODUCTION:
Allergic reactions are very common nowadays. Anything and everything under the sun including the sun can cause allergy to some individuals. A variety of dental materials ranging from diagnosis to rehabilitation for the management of oral diseases are capable inducing allergic reactions to the dentist, patient and the technician.11-1 Dental materials have been reported as etiologic agents for both local and systemic allergic reactions.1-2-1 Dental materials should satisfy the biocompatibility specifications because most of them indicated for a longer period of time.[3] This article aims to give an insight about the allergies caused due to dental materials like dental amalgam restoration, latex gloves, zinc oxide eugenol, composite restoration, local anesthesia along with its management and diagnosis.
Allergy due to amalgam restoration
Amalgam is used as a dental restorative material since 19th century for people all over the world, with few adverse effects. [4]
The first case of dental metal allergy resulted in stomatitis and dermatitis around the anus due to amalgam restorations in the oral cavity. [5] Amalgam is excellent for dental use because it is well fitting, very strong, easy to handle, cheap and long lasting. Conventional amalgam fillings consist of approximately 50% mercury and about 50% alloy powder containing silver, copper, zinc and tin.[4,6]
Mercury and its compounds are the most common allergens in amalgam, while the other metals rarely cause allergic reactions. [7- The metal ions which is released due to corrosion of Amalgam in the oral cavity...