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Soc Indic Res (2017) 130:937957
DOI 10.1007/s11205-015-1211-3
Juan Carlos Martn1 Cira Mendoza1 Concepcin Romn1
Accepted: 17 December 2015 / Published online: 22 December 2015 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015
Abstract Travel and tourism competitiveness has been paramount in the research agenda for transport, tourism and economics over the last decades because a larger number of destinations and businesses have entered into the international tourism market. Different approaches have been postulated to measuring, modeling and managing competitiveness in tourism. The present study aims to create a composite index of the travel and tourism competitiveness to rank 139 countries worldwide. Our sample is based on some of the data collected in The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011, and the method is based on the virtual efciency DEA model. An analysis of the competitiveness by geographical area and income is also analyzed. Finally some policy implications are discussed.
Keywords Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index Virtual DEA World Economic
Forum
1 Introduction
It is well known that tourism is one of the worlds largest industries and is of vital importance to the global economy. Tourism is a dynamic industry which stimulates economies by generating employment, incomes, investment and exports, which in turn boosts economic growth. The World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC 2015) estimates that travel and tourism was in 2014 directly and indirectly responsible for generating a signicant 9.8 % of world GDP, 9.4 % of total employment and 4.3 % of world total investment. However, its great contribution has faced a number of obstacles, from natural disasters such as tsunamis and earthquakes, cyclones, oods and forest res to terrorist
& Juan Carlos Martn [email protected]
1 Department of Applied Economic Analysis, Institute of Tourism and Sustainable Economic
Development, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas G.C., Spain
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attacks, pandemics and other health scares. Additionally, now the sector is recovered from the impact of the unprecedented nancial and economic crisis that hit the world in 2008. That year was a turning point with the decreasing trend beginning in mid-year, after 4 years of steady growth from 2003 to 2007. According to the United Nations World...