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Unit commitment of power system is an important component of energy management system, and it is also an important issue of the optimal operation of power systems. Finding a better solution to unit commitment can bring great economic benefits. But the problem is a complicated optimization problem combination with continuous and discrete Variables, it difficult to get the optimal solution in theory.This article describes the background and significance of study of unit commitment. By analyzing the characteristics of fuel consumption and start-up cost of thermal power plant, describes the calculation for the various kinds cost of thermal power plant. Mathematical models and solving methods of unit commitment are summaried. Especially the using of PSO algorithm for solving the unit commitment. SFPSO has been achieved better results in application in reactive power optimization and load forecast of power system. It is selected as the main algorithm to solve the unit commitment problem. Physical meaning, mathematical model and its superiority of SFPSO are described in detail.SFPSO was used for solving the unit commitment problem. First of all , SFPSO was used for solving economic dispatch problem, and then adding a heuristic adjust strategies to SFPSO on the basis of the characteristics of unit commitment, Propose a SFPSO based algorithm for unit commitment. Finally, the proposed algorithm was improved for solving the unit commitment with ramp rate constrains. By simulating and analysis of the results of test system using MATLAB, effectiveness and superiority of SFPSO for solving the unit commitment problem are