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Abstract
Fatty acids (FA) are important substrates for brown adipose tissue (BAT) metabolism, however, it remains unclear whether there exists a difference in FA metabolism of BAT between lean and obese healthy humans. In this study we evaluated supraclavicular BAT fatty acid uptake (FAU) along with blood perfusion in lean and obese subjects during cold exposure and at room temperature using positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT). Additionally, tissue samples were taken from supraclavicular region (typical BAT region) from a subset of subjects to evaluate histological presence of BAT. Non-shivering cold stress elevated FAU and perfusion of BAT in lean, but not in obese subjects. Lean subjects had greater FAU in BAT compared to obese subjects during cold exposure and interestingly also at room temperature. The higher BAT FAU was related to younger age and several indicators of superior systemic metabolic health. The subjects who manifested BAT histologically had several folds higher BAT FAU compared to subjects with no such histological manifestation. Together, obese subjects have less active tissue in supraclavicular region both in basal and cold-activated state and the FA metabolism of BAT is blunted in obesity.
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1 Turku University Hospital, Turku PET Centre, Turku, Finland (GRID:grid.410552.7) (ISNI:0000 0004 0628 215X); University of Turku, Turku PET Centre, Turku, Finland (GRID:grid.1374.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 2097 1371)
2 University of Turku, Turku PET Centre, Turku, Finland (GRID:grid.1374.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 2097 1371)
3 Turku University Hospital, Department of Surgery, Turku, Finland (GRID:grid.410552.7) (ISNI:0000 0004 0628 215X)
4 Turku University Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Turku, Finland (GRID:grid.410552.7) (ISNI:0000 0004 0628 215X)
5 Turku University Hospital, Department of Pathology, Turku, Finland (GRID:grid.410552.7) (ISNI:0000 0004 0628 215X)
6 University of Turku, Turku PET Centre, Turku, Finland (GRID:grid.1374.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 2097 1371); University of Turku, MediCity Research Laboratories, Turku, Finland (GRID:grid.1374.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 2097 1371)
7 Turku University Hospital, Turku PET Centre, Turku, Finland (GRID:grid.410552.7) (ISNI:0000 0004 0628 215X); University of Turku, Turku PET Centre, Turku, Finland (GRID:grid.1374.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 2097 1371); University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio, Finland (GRID:grid.9668.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 0726 2490)