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This study describes and tests two models of personality: the HEXACO model of personality, which is derived from the lexical tradition and which is rooted in "normal" psychology, and the 5DPT model of personality, which is derived from a theoretical approach and which is rooted in clinical psychology. The HEXACO and 5DPT models are compared in the prediction of antisocial and self-benefiting personality traits in a large-scale community sample study. Relative weight analyses show that HEXACO Honesty-Humility explains most of the variance in SRP-III Psychopathy, Egoism, and IPIP Pretentiousness, Immorality, and Machiavellianism. Additionally, Honesty-Humility is able to increment the amount of variance explained by the 5DPT scales in these antisocial and self-benefiting personality scales. Consequences for the 5DPT and for the choice of a dimensional axis-II personality model in the run-up of the DSM-V are discussed.
In the run-up to the DSM-V, there is an increased interest in the optimal dimensional representation of AxIs-II personality disorders that may replace the current categorical classification. At the same time, there appears to be a growing consensus that four (Livesley, 2007) or five (Clark, 2007; Widiger & Simonsen, 2005) factors underlie the main personality disorders. This consensus seems to converge well with the finding by some personality psychologists that five factors, commonly referred to as the "Big Five," capture the main dimensions of normal personality variation (Digman & Takemoto-Chock, 1981; Goldberg, 1990). Although different terms have been used, these factors are usually named Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability (or Neuroticism), and Openness to Experience. Except for Openness to Experience, the four higher-order personality disorder factors proposed by Livesley (2007) appear to map adequately on these five factors.
Recently, however, scholars have started to question the Big Five, arguing that there are actually more cross-culturally replicable lexical personality dimensions and that the Big Five may not be broad enough to encompass the total personality sphere (e.g., Ashton & Lee, 2005a; Ashton, Lee, Perugini, et al., 2004). Based on an extensive reanalysis of several lexical studies (Ashton, Lee, Perugini, et al., 2004; Ashton, Lee, & Goldberg, 2004), which form the basis of the Big Five, Ashton and Lee (2001, 2008) have proposed a new model, consisting of six broad personality dimensions, which they named the HEXACO model of personality....