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Qun Shan [1; 2] and Juan Zhuang [1] and Guihong Zheng [2] and Zifeng Zhang [2] and Yanqiu Zhang [1] and Jun Lu [2] and Yuanlin Zheng [2]

Academic Editor: Haobo Li

1, School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221008, China, cumt.edu.cn

2, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, China, jsnu.edu.cn

Received Apr 17, 2017; Accepted Jun 18, 2017

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

1. Introduction

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), a kind of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), have been emerging in tremendous danger on the global environment and human health. How to prevent and treat the damage of PBDEs has become a close attention. To find specific effective techniques and drugs against PBDEs in treatment, to a large extent, depends on the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of PBDEs on tissue damage. Among 209 homologues, 2,2,4,4-tetra-brominated diphenyl ether (BDE-47) is widely distributed in biological materials with high contents. Seriously, accumulation of BDE-47 in the body causes the severe damage of tissues including the liver, kidney, and adipose tissue [1–11]. For example, the homeostasis of parathyroid hormone is disturbed by BDE-47 via decreasing the concentration of triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (T4) in the blood serum of human or mouse [11]. Furthermore, the neurotoxicity of BDE-47 leads to a disordered behavior because of the decrease of synaptic protein in the central nervous system of mice [5–7, 9]. Recent findings show that BDE-47 induces apoptosis of human embryonic kidney cells, resulting in metabolic dysfunction [12]. However, the toxicological effects and underlying mechanism of kidney damage induced by BDE-47 in vivo are unclear.

Further studies show that natural products α-tocopherol, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and troxerutin may be efficient candidate compounds against the damage induced by BDE-47 [13–16]. Troxerutin is a derivative of naturally occurring bioflavonoid rutin and enriched in fruits, vegetables, tea, coffee, and cereals. Due to its good solubility in water, troxerutin is easily absorbed by the gastrointestinal system and exhibits effectively protective...

         

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