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Daniel E. Ezekwudo [1] and Tolulope Ifabiyi [2] and Bolanle Gbadamosi [1] and Kristle Haberichter [3] and Zhou Yu [1] and Mitual Amin [2; 3] and Kenneth Shaheen [2] and Michael Stender [1] and Ishmael Jaiyesimi [1; 2]
Academic Editor: Constantine Gennatas
1, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, William Beaumont Hospital, 3601 W. 13 Mile Rd., Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA, beaumont.edu
2, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, 3601 W. 13 Mile Rd., Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA, oakland.edu
3, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, William Beaumont Hospital, 3601 W. 13 Mile Rd., Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA, beaumont.edu
Received Aug 22, 2017; Accepted Sep 26, 2017
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
1. Introduction
Breast lymphoma represents approximately 0.7% of all lymphomas, of which 8% are peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) [1]. The majority of reported PTCLs are ALK-negative anaplastic large T-cell lymphomas (ALCLs). Breast implant–associated anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) has been reported but only recently has gained recognition as a distinct entity. Two different subtypes with a possible histogenetic relationship have been described including in situ BIA-ALCL and infiltrative BIA-ALCL; these subtypes have significantly different prognostic implications with the infiltrative subtype showing worse prognosis [2]. Generally, in situ BIA-ALCL follows an indolent clinical course after breast implant removal, whereas infiltrative BIA-ALCL is more aggressive, requiring additional therapy after implant removal [2]. Thus, accurate histopathologic diagnosis is crucial for risk assessment and therapeutic management. Recent advances in therapeutic approaches have resulted in significant improvement in the overall survival of patients with BIA-ALCL. More recently, targeted therapy utilizing the anti-CD30 antibody brentuximab-vedotin (BV) has shown promising results [3, 4].
2. Case Presentation
A 65-year-old Caucasian female had a past medical history significant for bilateral fibrocystic breast disease resulting in bilateral subcutaneous mastectomy, followed by bilateral cosmetic breast reconstruction with textured silicone gel implants at age 30 (Figure 1). Subsequently, she had multiple complications from the implants including capsule contractures, infections, chronic seroma, and ruptured breast implants, leading to capsulectomy and implant replacements 15...