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Abstract
Among the various bile juice, lithocholic acid (LCA) has been proven to have a toxic effect on the survival of juvenile C. sinensis [7].[...]it is important that the influx and efflux of bile acids should be balanced to prevent bile intoxication in the worm’s body.In humans, there are many importers and exporters of bile juice circulation [8], such as apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT), Na+ taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP), Multidrug resistance protein (MRP), bile salts export pump (BSEP), and organic solute transporter (OST).[...]we believe that C. sinensis needs these bile transporters to reduce accumulation of bile acids within its body.[...]we investigated ligands and their binding sites for CsMRP4 using two methods.Mg2+ is necessary for ATP hydrolysis and results in the formation of Mg-ATP dimers [42].[...]the cyclic peptide inhibitor, QZ59-SSS (a.k.a. OZ-VAL or 2 J8), was predicted to bind to CsMRP4 according to the ligand-bound pockets of three experimentally characterized P-glycoproteins [43-45] (Table 1).