Abstract

Zika virus (ZIKV) has recently caused a pandemic disease, and many cases of ZIKV infection in pregnant women resulted in abortion, stillbirth, deaths and congenital defects including microcephaly, which now has been proposed as ZIKV congenital syndrome. This study aimed to investigate the in situ immune response profile and mechanisms of neuronal cell damage in fatal Zika microcephaly cases. Brain tissue samples were collected from 15 cases, including 10 microcephalic ZIKV-positive neonates with fatal outcome and five neonatal control flavivirus-negative neonates that died due to other causes, but with preserved central nervous system (CNS) architecture. In microcephaly cases, the histopathological features of the tissue samples were characterized in three CNS areas (meninges, perivascular space, and parenchyma). The changes found were mainly calcification, necrosis, neuronophagy, gliosis, microglial nodules, and inflammatory infiltration of mononuclear cells. The in situ immune response against ZIKV in the CNS of newborns is complex. Despite the predominant expression of Th2 cytokines, other cytokines such as Th1, Th17, Treg, Th9, and Th22 are involved to a lesser extent, but are still likely to participate in the immunopathogenic mechanisms of neural disease in fatal cases of microcephaly caused by ZIKV.

Details

Title
In situ immune response and mechanisms of cell damage in central nervous system of fatal cases microcephaly by Zika virus
Author
Azevedo, Raimunda S S 1 ; de Sousa, Jorge R 1 ; Araujo, Marialva T F 2 ; Martins Filho, Arnaldo J 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; de Alcantara, Bianca N 3 ; Araujo, Fernanda M C 4 ; Queiroz, Maria G L 5 ; Cruz, Ana C R 6 ; Baldez Vasconcelos, Beatriz H 7 ; Chiang, Jannifer O 1 ; Martins, Lívia C 1 ; Casseb, Livia M N 1 ; da Silva, Eliana V 1 ; Carvalho, Valéria L 1 ; Baldez Vasconcelos, Barbara C 8 ; Rodrigues, Sueli G 1 ; Oliveira, Consuelo S 6 ; Juarez A S Quaresma 9 ; Vasconcelos, Pedro F C 6   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

1  Departamento de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil 
2  Departamento de Patologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil 
3  Programa de Pós-Graduação em Virologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil 
4  Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, SES do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil 
5  Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, SES do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil 
6  Departamento de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil; Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil 
7  Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil 
8  Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil 
9  Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil; Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil 
First page
1
Publication year
2018
Publication date
Jan 2018
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
e-ISSN
20452322
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-17765-5
ProQuest document ID
1993417353
Copyright
© 2017. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.