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Received Jun 29, 2017; Revised Nov 15, 2017; Accepted Dec 3, 2017
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1. Introduction
The quartz glass is widely used in many fields such as military, aeronautics, medical, measurement instruction, and the light industry [1, 2] Because it is a typical brittle and hard-to-machine material, the conventional machining process cannot be successfully applied in the glass product production, while abrasive waterjet (AWJ) technology has a great advantage in the production of the glass products, because it has no heat deformation, high machining efficiency, and high accuracy, especially in the glass micromachining process [3–5]. In order to increase the efficiency of the abrasive waterjet machining glass, the pulsed waterjet has been a research issue, for the reason that it could obtain a greater removal of target material by generating water-hammer effect, for example, Vijay et al. [6], Chahine et al. [7], and Ghadi et al. [8] have introduced a kind of pulsed waterjet using an ultrasonic vibration on the nozzle, the jet’s energy is pretty low, and the amount of material removal is increased greatly. Zelenak et al. [9] have obtained visualization of pulsating and continuous waterjets by using the PIV processing algorithms, with an aim to obtain waterjet geometry and velocity distribution. Lehocka et al. [10, 11] have studied changes in surface layer and strengthening in subsurface layer of the copper CW004A and brass CW614N machined by pulsed waterjet. Their research result indicates that the pulse waterjet has a great advantage contrasted to the continuity waterjet. With an aim to produce a high-quality pulsed waterjet, Lv [12] and Zhang [13] have used the ultrasonic vibration to activate on the workpiece; their experiments indicate that the material removal rate and the erosion depth of the ceramic are increased when the ultrasonic vibration is working. Vijay et al. [6] and Foldyna et al. [14, 15] have used the ultrasonic vibration which is working on the waterjet nozzle to produce the pulse waterjet; their experiments indicate that the material removal of the metal and marble has been increasing greatly. Although a considerable amount of research has been carried...