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Received Oct 10, 2017; Revised Dec 1, 2017; Accepted Dec 5, 2017
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1. Introduction
Nowadays researchers have aimed at graphene- and graphene oxide- (GO-) based materials due to their excellent potential, thermal, and mechanical properties such as conductive coating, sensors, microwave absorbing, and energy storage devices [1]. After the discovery of graphene and graphene oxide, a focus has been made on the nonvolatile memory devices due to their potential applications [2–4]. Nanocomposite polymer films are prepared by dispersing the nanocomposites in the polymer matrix such as graphite, carbon nanotubes, carbon fiber, nanofillers, and rare earth-doped ions [5]. By doping the nanocomposites in conductive polymers, the enhancement of electrical conductivity is increased at a higher rate [6].
Graphene, a monolayer of hexagonally packed carbon atoms, has revolutionized both the academic and industrial world to greater extent [7]. Such a huge interest may be owned to its novel properties like high modulus and tensile strength, large theoretical specific surface area, almost transparent and excellent conductivity. Out of many possible functionalized forms of graphene and its composites, polymer-based graphene composites are quite promising candidates due to combined improved properties [8]. A flexible supercapacitor is one of the most important energy storage devices which have been extensively explored in these years [9]. Graphene possesses a honeycomb-like structure with sp2-bonded carbon atoms closely packed with oxygen molecules. Graphene has excellent physical and mechanical properties such as high thermal conductivity, tensile strength, high specific surface area, and high mobility of charge carriers [10]. Graphene is also used in many applications such as batteries, solar cells, fuel cells, and supercapacitors [11–13]. Graphene is widely used as nanofiller in polymer composites for several practical applications on large-scale production. The strong interaction formed between the polar molecules of GO is due to the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups to give homogenous dispersion [14]. Graphene-doped polymer nanocomposite films have been studied and reported because of their thermal stability [15], mechanical strength [16], and improved ionic conductivity [17].
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