It appears you don't have support to open PDFs in this web browser. To view this file, Open with your PDF reader
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a snail-borne parasitic disease that ranks among the most important water-based diseases of humans in developing countries. Increased prevalence and spread of human schistosomiasis to non-endemic areas has been consistently linked with water resource management related to agricultural expansion. However, the role of agrochemical pollution in human schistosome transmission remains unexplored, despite strong evidence of agrochemicals increasing snail-borne diseases of wildlife and a projected 2- to 5-fold increase in global agrochemical use by 2050. Using a field mesocosm experiment, we show that environmentally relevant concentrations of fertilizer, a herbicide, and an insecticide, individually and as mixtures, increase densities of schistosome-infected snails by increasing the algae snails eat and decreasing densities of snail predators. Epidemiological models indicate that these agrochemical effects can increase transmission of schistosomes. Identifying agricultural practices or agrochemicals that minimize disease risk will be critical to meeting growing food demands while improving human wellbeing.
You have requested "on-the-fly" machine translation of selected content from our databases. This functionality is provided solely for your convenience and is in no way intended to replace human translation. Show full disclaimer
Neither ProQuest nor its licensors make any representations or warranties with respect to the translations. The translations are automatically generated "AS IS" and "AS AVAILABLE" and are not retained in our systems. PROQUEST AND ITS LICENSORS SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ANY AND ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES FOR AVAILABILITY, ACCURACY, TIMELINESS, COMPLETENESS, NON-INFRINGMENT, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Your use of the translations is subject to all use restrictions contained in your Electronic Products License Agreement and by using the translation functionality you agree to forgo any and all claims against ProQuest or its licensors for your use of the translation functionality and any output derived there from. Hide full disclaimer
Details


1 Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; Wildlands Conservation, Inc., Tampa, FL, USA
2 Division of Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
3 Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Mathematical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
4 Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
5 Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA; Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
6 Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; IBM Research Australia, Global Services Australia Pvt. Ltd., Southbank, Australia
7 Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
8 Centre de Recherche Biomédicale Espoir pour la Santé, Saint-Louis, Senegal
9 Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
10 Department of Biology, University of Tampa, Tampa, FL, USA
11 Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
12 Centre de Recherche Biomédicale Espoir pour la Santé, Saint-Louis, Senegal; CIIL – Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France