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Abstract
Abstract
Optimum sleep is critical for good health. It has been recognized that sleep problems are associated with various adverse health outcomes. During past decades and the rise of the Information Era, human lifestyle has changed accordingly. However, the effects of those changes on sleep duration and disturbance are unclear. We examined the trends of sleep duration and disturbance among the general population in the US from 2005 to 2014 the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES) data.
NHANES is an ongoing national program of studies to assess the health and nutritional status of adults and children in the United States. Each cross-sectional NHANES dataset combines interviews and physical examinations. In the current study, we analyzed self-reported sleep duration and disturbance in participants aged 16 and over in the NHANES surveys between 2005 to 2014. The sample population contains 32,213 subjects. Their average age is 45 years old and 51% of them are females.
The average weekday sleep duration is 7 hours for both male and female. There is no clear change of sleep duration from 2005 to 2014 in general or within different age and gender groups. However, a clear U-shape curve can be found after classified average sleep duration into corresponding age groups. Average sleep duration is 7.4 hours in 16~18 age group, declined to 6.6 hours in 40~49 age group then increased to 7.2 hours for adults aged 70 or older. From 2005 to 2014, the prevalence of sleep disturbance among female participants increase from 22.25% to 28.14%, while among males from 16.12% to 20.47%. Those diagnosed with sleep disorders increased from 6.03% to 8.96%. However, there is no significant difference in diagnosis prevalence between gender groups.
The average weekday sleep duration was 6.9 hours per night and no significant change was observed in the US general population from 2005 to 2014. Sleep disturbance was prevalent and increased from 2005 to 2014. Sleep disturbance has become a concerned issue among US general population.
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