Multi-objective Optimization of Micro Wind Generator Blade Structure Parameters based on Response Surface Methodology and Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm III

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of blade structural parameters on the power generation performance—specifically output current and voltage of a micro wind generator, using experimental testing and multi-objective optimization. The influence of blade diameter (BD), blade inclination angle (BA), blade number (BN), and blade root draft angle (BRA) on generator performance is analyzed. The Box-Behnken Design (BBD) of response surface methodology (RSM) is employed to assess variance and to establish a quadratic polynomial model linking structural parameters to performance metrics. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are used to interpret experimental observations. The NSGA-III algorithm is applied to optimize the parameter set. Results indicate that BRA has negligible effect on performance. The ranking of influence on output current and voltage is BN> BA> BD, and on blade weight is BN> BD> BA. The optimal configuration comprises a BD of 105 mm, an inclination angle of 35.92°, and 6 blades. Validation by experiment and CFD confirms that this configuration yields higher output current and voltage with only a modest increase in blade weight, providing practical guidance for the structural design of micro wind generators.