Content area
Full Text
ABSTRACT
The emulsifiable concentrate (EC) and wettable powder (WP) of Piper aduncum and Tephrosia vogelii mixed formulations were tested for their activities in the laboratory and their effectiveness in the field against cabbage pest Plutella xyostella. Cabbage leaves soaked in six different mixed formulation concentrations were tested against second instar larvae of P. xylostella and observed until the larvae reached fourth instar stage. From the survived larvae, growth and development, antifeedant effects were recorded. Field efficacy test was based on LC95 value of formulations from laboratory test result. The experiment used a randomized block design with 5 treatments and 3 replications to determine the insecticide effectivity against populations of P. xylostella larvae. The results showed that the EC and WP mixed formulations have insecticidal activity against P. xylostella larvae, with LC95 value of 0.35% and 0.37%, respectively. The highest antifeedant effect on EC mixed formulation was 85.01% and WP mixed formulation was 86.23%. Both mixed formulations also slowed the development of larvae when compared with control. Field effication result showed that applications of EC mixed formulation were able to restrain the population of P. xylostella, with effectivity value of 71.06%. Insecticide effectivity value of EC mixed formulation was higher than WP mixed formulation and Bacillus thuringiensis formulation.
Keywords: Botanical insecticide, efficacy, emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Plutella xylostella, wettable powder (WP).
MS History: 15.02.2018 (Received)-06.05.2018 (Revised)-12.05.2018 (Accepted).
INTRODUCTION
Leaf caterpillar (Plutella xylostella L., Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) is one of the main pests in Brassicaceae plants, especially broccoli species in Indonesia. P. xylostella starts to attack plants from the first instar larvae stage. The newly hatched larvae slit the broccoli leaf and get to in tissue until they reach second instar larvae. The second instar larvae come out from leaf tissue and cause thin transparent layer symptoms eventually form torns and holes. In high populations, almost all leaves are eaten and the leaf bone alone is left. Heavy attacks usually occur in the dry season or in 5-8 weeks after they are planted (Dirlintura, 2013). Nowadays, farmers rely on synthetic insecticides to control P. xylostella because it is practically easy and gives fast response. The use of synthetic insecticides continuously can cause some negative impact on non-target organisms and the environment as well as pest resistance and resurgence....