Content area
Full text
The present study explored the dimensions of deviant behaviour in adolescent boys through an indigenous developed deviant behaviour scale, based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual's (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013) classification of behavioural problems. The data was collected from 612 adolescents of grade 9th to 12th, of age range 13-19 years (M= 16, SD= 1.40) from different government schools and colleges in Lahore. The list of the schools and colleges was taken from District Education Officer (DEO) of city Lahore, Pakistan. A Self constructed Deviant Behaviour Scale (Mushtaq & Kausar, 2012) comprising 76 items was used. Data was analyzed by using Principal component analysis and reliability analysis to examine the psychometric properties of the scale. The analysis identified three factors of deviant behaviour scale (α=.87) naming conduct disorder (CD; α=.96), intermittent explosive disorder (IED; α=.95) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD; α=.93). The results were compared and discussed in accordance to the Pakistani culture and adolescents behavioural patterns.
Keywords. Deviant behaviour, conduct disorder, intermittent explosive disorder, opposition defiant disorder, adolescents
Deviance is an umbrella term which includes abnormal, unexpected, unusual, non-standard or out of the ordinary behavior (Vadera, Pratt, & Mishra, 2013). It also refers to behavior that separates considerably from norms set for people in social statuses in their respective societies, which violates institutionalized, legitimate, shared, and recognized expectation within a social system (Clinard & Meier, 2011, 2015; Hagan, 2010; Steffgen, 2009). Some of the behaviours are considered unhealthy, or at least socially prohibited, such as reckless driving, smoking, excessive drinking, drug abuse, disobeying rules and regulations and even cheating on assignment (Rodgers & Bard, 2003).
There are multiple causes of deviant behaviour in boys as compared to girls, supported by the research too, including biological (Loke, & Mak, 2013; Luthar & Barkin, 2012; Paus, 2005), sociological (Berns, 2012; Carter, 2010; Evans, & Kim, 2013; Heinzen, Koehler, Smeets, Hoffer, & Huchzermeier, 2011; Parke & Buriel, 2008; Rocheleau & Chavez, 2015) and psychological such as personality (Benning et al., 2003), psychopathology (Cooke, Michie, Hart, & Clark, 2004; Williams et al., 2009) etc. (Antonaccio & Tittle, 2007; Brown, Kasser, Ryan, Linley, & Orzech, 2009; Cherry, 2010; Crossman, 2013; Racz, McMahon, & Luthar, 2011; Simons et al., 2007; Smallbone, 2006). Demographic variables, such as education of...