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Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Vol. 138, No. 7, July, 200499METHODSUse of Morphostructural Reaction of Blood Serumfor Toxicological Evaluation of DrugsA. A. Yushchenko, A. D. Daudova, A. K. Ayupova,
and N. G. UrlyapovaTranslated from Byulleten Eksperimentalnoi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 138, No. 7, pp. 113-117, July, 2004
Original article submitted March 25, 2003We prorposed a simple and economic method for determination of general toxic effects of
drugs consisting in evaluation of serum morphology by polarization light microscopy.Key Words: blood serum; morphotypes; drugs; toxicological evaluation; polarization
microscopyAn important task of toxicological studies is detection
of side effects of the studied substances. These studies
provide the data for calculating the ratio of therapeutic
and toxic doses and for determining the target organ.
This latter task cannot always be fulfilled, because
some substances possess a wide spectrum of harmful
effects on many vital organs and systems. An objective toxicological evaluation of drugs can be made
using a complex of hematological, biochemical, and
pathomorphological studies [4]. Electron microscopy,
histochemical, autoradiographic, immunological, cytochemical, cytogenetic, and other methods were used
for this purpose, but all these methods are time-consuming and expensive. These methods can be used in
toxicology after preliminary screening of drug tolerance on animals, which can be performed using simple
informative methods for evaluation of the effects of
these compounds on the body. Therefore the search for
less involved and less expensive methods for evaluation of the effects of chemical compounds remains
an important problem.We analyzed the possibility of using morphological analysis of the blood serum by polarization microscopy [8] in toxicological studies of substances with
potential antileprous activity.MATERIALS AND METHODSChronic toxicity of hydrobunide and furasonal, which
was previous demonstrated in vitro [1], and their antibacterial activity [2] (using Shepards model [10])
were studied on 100 CBA mice of similar weights and
sex kept under similar conditions. Dapsone (diaminodiphenylsulfone; DDS), the main antileprosy drug,
served as the reference drug. The animals were divided into 4 groups: group 1 received DDS (25 mg/kg),
group 2 hydrobunide (40 mg/kg), group 3 furasonal
(75 mg/kg), and group 4 animals (control) received
distilled water. The doses of the test drugs were selected in preliminary experiments. The drugs were dissolved in distilled water and administered through a
gastric tube (0.5 ml) twice...